Ganglioneuroblastic transformation of olfactory neuroblastoma

Chan, Jmm; Lau, W.S.; Yuen, R. W. S.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1989.tb02173.x

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Whilst neuroblastomas at other sites are known to have the ability to differentiate into ganglion cells [4], ganglioneuroblastic transformation in ONB is an exceptionally rare phenomenon: to date, only 6 cases have been reported [5][6][7][8]. In 4 cases, ganglioneuroblastic differentiation was a focal change in an otherwise typical ONB [7,8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 4 cases, ganglioneuroblastic differentiation was a focal change in an otherwise typical ONB [7,8]. In the other 2 cases, complete ganglioneuroblastic transformation was noted [5,6]. Both reports involved middle-aged male patients with ONB, which, following treatment with external beam radiotherapy, showed ganglioneuroblastic transformation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ganglionic cells, highlighted by neurofilament and NSE, ranged from immature cells with scanty cytoplasm to mature ganglion cells with prominent nucleoli, amphophilic cytoplasm and Nissl granules. Despite the shared morphology of these 2 recurrent tumours, the patients had very different outcomes: one remained asymptomatic following incomplete salvage surgery, with no disease progression for a further 3 years [5]; the other underwent incomplete resection following chemotherapy, but developed a mediastinal metastasis and died as a result of aspiration pneumonia at 3 months after the operation [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically, ONB is distinguished from NC and SNUC by its characteristic site, lobular growth pattern, lack of cytokeratin expression, and the presence of S100-positive sustentacular cells (Table 1) [3]. Ganglioneuroblastic transformation is a well-recognized phenomenon in neuroblastomas occurring at other sites [4], such as the adrenal glands, but is rare in ONB and has not been reported in NC or SNUC [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ganglioneuroblastic Transformation in Olfactory Neuroblastoma

Bates

Plessis

Polvikoski

et al. 2011

Head and Neck Pathol

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Ganglioneuroblastic transformation in olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is an exceptionally rare phenomenon. We document the case of a patient with a poorly differentiated sinonasal malignancy that recurred following treatment with chemoradiotherapy and showed ganglioneuroblastic transformation. Although the index tumour showed neuroendocrine differentiation, it did not have the typical clinico-pathological features associated with ONB. We highlight the diagnostic difficulties in establishing an accurate diagnosis for undifferentiated sinonasal tumours and present evidence that the index tumour was an ONB.The current report is only the third case of ONB showing complete ganglioneuroblastic transformation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ganglioneuroblastic Transformation in Olfactory Neuroblastoma

Bates

Plessis

Polvikoski

et al. 2011

Head and Neck Pathol

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“…4,16 As the ocular tumors were largely within the vitreous chamber with little or no remaining normal retinal structures, a retinal origin (retinoblastoma) seemed likely. Retinoblastomas can arise from any of the nucleated retinal layers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuronal Embryonal Tumors in Fish

2009

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This article describes 11 cases of neuronal embryonal neoplasia in captive adult teleost fish. Neoplasms were located within 1 or both eyes of 8 fish and the skin of 3 other fish. Ocular neoplasms most often presented as unilateral or bilateral exophthalmia. Seven ocular and 1 cutaneous mass were composed of small triangular (carrot-shaped) neoplastic cells with FlexnerWintersteiner-type rosette formation. Mass location and histologic and ultrastructural features were suggestive of retinoblastomas. One ocular mass was composed of ribbons and rosettes of neoplastic cells with multiple areas of neuronal differentiation and was diagnosed as a teratoid medulloepithelioma. A cutaneous mass from an electric eel (Electrophorus electricus) consisted of rosettes and streams of elongate neoplastic cells. The epidermal electroreceptor (ampullary) organ was considered as an origin. Although distant metastases were not observed, neoplasms were generally locally aggressive with postexcision recurrence. There was occasional spread to or de novo occurrence within the contralateral eye.Keywords eye, fish, medulloepithelioma, primitive neuroepithelial neoplasms, retinoblastoma, skin A number of neoplastic disorders have been reported in fish. Some well-documented neoplasms include viral-induced dermal sarcomas in walleyes and aflatoxin-associated hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas in rainbow trout as well as a variety of sporadic tumors in numerous species. 1,2,12 This report details spontaneous ocular and cutaneous tumors in multiple fresh and marine teleost species with features characteristic of neuronal embryonal tumors.Neuronal embryonal tumors arise from neuroectodermal progenitor cells within subependymal matrix layers and have morphology and aggressive behavior in common.10 Tumor types include medulloepitheliomas, neuroblastomas, retinoblastomas, ependymoblastomas, and primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs). PNETs are derived from pluripotent germinal neuroepithelial cells and may be further classified on the basis of anatomic location as medulloblastomas, cerebral PNETs, or peripheral neuroectodermal tumors. Note that classification schemes may differ because the cell origin of these tumors is often not well understood.In humans, neuronal embryonal tumors often arise within the first decade of life. Chromosomal deletions and/or MYCN gene amplification have been noted in affected children and may play a role in pathogenesis in humans.3 Retinoblastomas predominantly occur following inactivation of both RB1 (retinoblastoma susceptibility protein) tumor suppressor gene alleles. 13 Materials and MethodsMedical records, archived tissues, and histologic sections were evaluated as collected between 2001 and 2009 from 11 adult fish of 11 different species (Table 1) and housed at one of two facilities. Tissues taken at necropsy consisted of whole or representative sections of all major organs, including skin or body wall and bone. Smaller fish were fixed whole in formalin and bisected along the median plane for histo...

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Olfactory neuroblastoma. An immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and flow cytometric study

Hirose

Scheithauer

Lopes

et al. 1995

Cancer

123

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Background. Olfactory neuroblastoma is an uncommon neuroectodermal tumor of the upper nasal cavity, microscopic features of which are not always homogeneous. No morphologic features have been found to correlate reliably with prognosis. Methods. Twenty‐six olfactory neuroblastomas occurring in 14 females and 12 males, ages 18–78 years, were studied by immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, and DNA flow cytometry. Survival rates were statistically analyzed relative to several variables. Results. Microscopically, 22 tumors formed a morphologic spectrum intermediate between paraganglioma (PG) and neuroblastoma (NB). Others included two ganglioneuroblastomas (GNB), one lesion exhibited biphasic (neuronal and epithelial) differentiation, and one tumor showed predominantly epithelial features. Immunoreactivity for neuronal and neuroendocrine markers included synaptophysin in 77%, neurofilament protein in 38%, class III beta‐tubulin in 81%, and chromogranin A in 77%. In 88% of cases, elongated S‐100 protein‐positive cells surrounded tumor lobules. Cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen immunoreactivity were noted in six (23%) and two (8%) tumors, respectively. Aberrant p53 expression was detected in 16 tumors (62%). The Ki‐67 labeling index (LI) varied from 0%–43.8% (mean, 7.4%). Ultrastructurally, 80–230 nm dense core granules were noted within perikarya and as in microtubule‐containing processes in all of the 11 tumors studied by electromicroscopy. Lobules of seven tumors were surrounded by electron‐dense sustentacular cells. Epithelial tumors exhibited obviously epithelial features in addition to neuronal differentiation. DNA flow cytometry demonstrated a high incidence of polyploidy and aneuploidy (78%) and a wide range of percent S phase fractions (1.5%–21.8%; mean, 9.0%). The study showed that longer survival rates are related significantly to (1) the occurrence of metastases which was linked to tumor subtype, (2) to a higher incidence of S‐100 protein‐positive cells, and (3) to a low (<10%) Ki‐67 labeling index. Conclusions. The present study indicates that (1) although typical olfactory neuroblastomas exhibit PG/NB differentiation, they more closely resemble PG, (2) occasional tumors show GNB and/or epithelial differentiation, and (3) survival rates may correlate with S‐100 protein immunoreactivity and Ki‐67 LI.

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Ganglioneuroblastic transformation of olfactory neuroblastoma

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

Ganglioneuroblastic Transformation in Olfactory Neuroblastoma

Ganglioneuroblastic Transformation in Olfactory Neuroblastoma

Neuronal Embryonal Tumors in Fish

Olfactory neuroblastoma. An immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and flow cytometric study

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