Gaps promote plant diversity in beech forests (<i>Luzulo-Fagetum</i>), 
North Vosges, France

Degen, Thomas; Devillez, Freddy; Jacquemart, Anne‐Laure

doi:10.1051/forest:2005039

Cited by 59 publications

(57 citation statements)

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“…Fine-scale gap-phase dynamics is a main characteristic feature of primeval beech-dominated forests in temperate Europe (Splechtna et al 2005). Gaps are important in maintaining plant species diversity in beech forests (Degen et al 2005). The size, shape, age and temporal changes of gaps in beech forests influence the regeneration patterns of tree species, due to different ecological traits of the particular tree species and the effects on the herbaceous layer in the history of soil conditions (Modrý et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joining of the historical research and future prediction as a support tool for the assessment of management strategy for European beech-dominated forests in protected areas

Machar¹,

Voženílek²,

Simon³

et al. 2017

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Citation: Machar I, Vozenilek V, Simon J, Pechanec V, Brus J, Fulneček P, Vitek T (2017) Joining of the historical research and future prediction as a support tool for the assessment of management strategy for European beech-dominated forests in protected areas. Nature Conservation 22: 51-78. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.22.12902 AbstractEuropean beech-dominated forests are crucial for maintaining biodiversity in forested mountain landscapes of the European temperate zone. This paper presents the results of research and assessment of management strategy for mountain beech-dominated forests in the Jeseníky Mountains (Czech Republic). Our approach is based on combining research on historical development of the forest ecosystem, assessment of its current state, and predictions of future dynamics using a forest growth simulation model. Using such a method makes it possible to understand the current state of the mountain beech-dominated forest ecosystem and predict its future development as a response to specific management strategies. The application of this method is therefore appropriate for assessing the suitability of selected management strategies in mountain protected areas. Our results show that a non-intervention management for mountain beech forest in the next 80 years complies with the Natura 2000 requirement to maintain the existing character of the forest habitat. Thus, the current management plan for the beech-dominated forests in the Jeseníky Mountains does not require significant corrections in the context of its conservation targets (i.e. maintaining biodiversity and current character of the forest ecosystem dominated by beech). The results of this study suggest that combining the knowledge on historical development with forest growth simulation can be used as a suitable support tool to assess management strategies for forest habitats in protected areas. RESEARCH ARTICLE Launched to accelerate biodiversity conservation A peer-reviewed open-access journalIvo Machar et al. / Nature Conservation 22: 51-78 (2017) 52

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joining of the historical research and future prediction as a support tool for the assessment of management strategy for European beech-dominated forests in protected areas

Machar¹,

Voženílek²,

Simon³

et al. 2017

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“…The improvement of species composition could be attributed to forest gaps created by the transformation, which triggered natural regeneration and allowed enrichment plantings to grow into the overstory [35]. Forest gaps can provide a suitable forest microclimate for natural regeneration and for ground flora [36,37]. However, Madsen and Hahn [38] found that the regeneration response to gap formation was limited and few seedlings were added to the overstory.…”

Section: Species Composition and Forest Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Transformation of a Degraded Pinus massoniana Plantation into a Mixed-Species Irregular Forest: Impacts on Stand Structure and Growth in Southern China

Meng

Zeng

2014

Forests

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Abstract:We transformed a Pinus massoniana plantation, the most important conifer plantation in southern China, with four different transformation treatments, in which Pinus massoniana was thinned to a density of 70%, and then differing richness and compositions of enrichment plantings were added. In order to examine the effects of the transformation, we compared species composition, stand structure and growth pattern in transformed stands with those in control stands. The results suggested that in the transformed stands species composition was diverse with trees both from the enrichment plantings and from natural recruitment. The size structure was changed such that the diameter at breast height (DBH) distribution tended to shift from a nearly normal distribution to an irregular multi-modal distribution. Substantial new ingrowth was found in the small DBH classes. The residual trees in the transformed stands were significantly larger than in the control treatment. However, for all trees, the control stands had the largest mean size, even though the residual tree growth was significantly smaller in the control stands. Finally, transformation treatment A4, which had the smallest overall mortality rate and simultaneously the mortality rate of OPEN ACCESSForests 2014, 5 3200 each tree species was smaller than the corresponding value in other transformation treatments, was identified as the optimal transformation.

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“…Gap formation significantly increases solar radiation and soil moisture (Collins et al 1985, Moore and Vankat 1986 leading to intensive alteration of composition and cover of the herbaceous layer , Kelemen et al 2012) in large (Degen et al 2005) and small gaps (Mountford et al 2006). Stand dynamic events were matched with certain vegetation changes in different Slovakian primeval forests (Ujházy et al 2005, 2007, Martináková and Martinák 2012.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal changes in vegetation of a virgin beech woodland remnant: stand-scale stability with intensive fine-scale dynamics governed by stand dynamic events

Standovár¹,

Horváth²,

Aszalós³

2017

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The aim of this resurvey study is to check if herbaceous vegetation on the forest floor exhibits overall stability at the stand-scale in spite of intensive dynamics at the scale of individual plots and stand dynamic events (driven by natural fine scale canopy gap dynamics). In 1996, we sampled a 1.5 ha patch using 0.25 m² plots placed along a 5 m × 5 m grid in the best remnant of central European montane beech woods in Hungary. All species in the herbaceous layer and their cover estimates were recorded. Five patches representing different stand developmental situations (SDS) were selected for resurvey. In 2013, 306 plots were resurveyed by using blocks of four 0.25 m² plots to test the effects of imperfect relocation.We found very intensive fine-scale dynamics in the herbaceous layer with high species turnover and sharp changes in ground layer cover at the local-scale (< 1 m 2 ). A decrease in species richness and herbaceous layer cover, as well as high species turnover, characterized the closing gaps. Colonization events and increasing species richness and herbaceous layer cover prevailed in the two newly created gaps. A pronounced decrease in the total cover, but low species turnover and survival of the majority of the closed forest specialists was detected by the resurvey at the stand-scale. The test aiming at assessing the effect of relocation showed a higher time effect than the effect of imprecise relocation. RESEARCH ARTICLE Launched to accelerate biodiversity conservation A peer-reviewed open-access journalTibor Standovár et al. / Nature Conservation 17: 35-56 (2017) 36The very intensive fine-scale dynamics of the studied beech forest are profoundly determined by natural stand dynamics. Extinction and colonisation episodes even out at the stand-scale, implying an overall compositional stability of the herbaceous vegetation at the given spatial and temporal scale. We argue that fine-scale gap dynamics, driven by natural processes or applied as a management method, can warrant the survival of many closed forest specialist species in the long-run.Nomenclature: Flora Europaea (Tutin et al. 2010) for vascular plants; Soó 1968Soó -1980 for syntaxa

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Gaps promote plant diversity in beech forests (Luzulo-Fagetum), North Vosges, France

Cited by 59 publications

References 59 publications

Joining of the historical research and future prediction as a support tool for the assessment of management strategy for European beech-dominated forests in protected areas

Joining of the historical research and future prediction as a support tool for the assessment of management strategy for European beech-dominated forests in protected areas

Transformation of a Degraded Pinus massoniana Plantation into a Mixed-Species Irregular Forest: Impacts on Stand Structure and Growth in Southern China

Temporal changes in vegetation of a virgin beech woodland remnant: stand-scale stability with intensive fine-scale dynamics governed by stand dynamic events

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