Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry of Binding Media from Early 20th Century Paint Samples from Arnold Schönberg’s Palette

Multivariate analysis studies of the ageing effect for artist's oil paints containing modern organic pigments

“…This indicates that oxidation progressed at the surface of the PR122 oil paint during ageing. This result is in agreement with the previous studies using different techniques …”

“…For present purposes, paints containing synthetic organic pigments produced in the 20th century are selected to study their ageing and demonstrate the identification of pigments in paints. Firstly, we show that the results using surface analysis techniques concur with the previous studies by different techniques regarding the ageing effects, for instance with Py‐GC‐MS or Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy . Then, we demonstrate how surface analysis techniques in combination with MVA is powerful in identifying pigments in paints.…”

Methodology and Application of GC‐MS to Study Altered Organic Binding Media from Objects of the Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

“…The first detailed results for four drying oils, i.e. linseed oil, linseed stand oil, walnut oil, and poppyseed oil, have already been summarised and published elsewhere 10 .…”

“…Firstly, a simultaneous analysis of lipids, resins and waxes based on the transesterification of fatty acids from lipid binders -using Meth-Prep II, 0.2 M methanolic (m-trifluoromethylphenyl)trimethylammonium hydroxide (TFTMAH; Alltech Associates, Inc., Belgium) as a reagent -was performed [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] . The relative intensity ratios of the detected fatty acids were used to identify particular lipids, their state of pre-polymerisation as well as their drying/alteration state.…”

Identification of organic materials in icons of the Cretan School of iconography

“…GC analysis requires the transformation of the polar and non-volatile organic compounds into more volatile and thus GC-amenable derivatives, typically following a preceding extraction and hydrolysis step. Common derivatization reagents for this task are N-methyl-N-(terbutyldimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA) (Woo and Kim, 1999), (m-trifluoromethylphenyl) trimethylammonium hydroxide (TF TMAH) (Pitthard et al, 2005), and trimethyl sulfoniumhydroxide (TMSH) which have been reported effective for the analysis of fatty acids (Baumer et al, 2009;Dron et al, 2004;Wei, 2007). Similarly, hydrolysed amino acids from proteinaceous binders of paintings can be effectively derivatized by the use of MTBSTFA in pyridine (Colombini et al, 1999(Colombini et al, , 2000 and ethyl chloroformate (ECF) (Baumer et al, 2009;Colombini et al, 1999Colombini et al, , 2000.…”