Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) Detectors: Principles of Operation and Applications

Sauli, F.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53632-7.00625-0

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 197 publications

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“…Collectively named Micro-Pattern Gas Detectors (MPGD), the new structures are already used in many experimental setups, and are currently the subject of extensive research [8,9]. The present note describes the development and applications of one of these innovative devices, the Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM), invented by the author in 1997 [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The gas electron multiplier (GEM): Operating principles and applications

Sauli

2016

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

341

197

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a b s t r a c tIntroduced by the author in 1997, The Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) constitutes a powerful addition to the family of fast radiation detectors; originally developed for particle physics experiments, the device and has spawned a large number of developments and applications; a web search yields more than 400 articles on the subject. This note is an attempt to summarize the status of the design, developments and applications of the new detector.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The gas electron multiplier (GEM): Operating principles and applications

Sauli

2016

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

341

197

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“…QA/QCs procedure have to be reliable, reproducible and with possibly as many information as needed. Along this line, a method has been developed to qualify the induction gap in a Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) based detector [8,9,10,11]. The flatness of the induction gap is an important parameter because the gain of the GEM detector is linearly dependent upon it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new technique to establish the uniformity of the induction gap in GEM based detector

Gola

2020

Preprint

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This work is proposing and exploring the use of multichannel readout electronics, already used in quality assurance for gain uniformity studies, to measure the uniformity of the induction gap in GEM based detectors. The measurement will furthermore provide a qualification of the readout electrodes in terms of disconnected or shorted channels. The proposed method relies on the dependence on the induction gap capacitance between the readout strips and the bottom of the GEM. The measurement is obtained inducing capacitively a signal on the readout strips pulsing the bottom layer of the GEM foil. In this work, the signals are read with the analog APV25 front-end chip and the RD51 Scalable Readout System (SRS). Studies on small and large area GEM detectors, relative variations under mechanical stress, and in presence of electrical fields will be shown. Sensitivity to defects in the readout plane will be proven.

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“…The Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) was introduced by Fabio Sauli, who was working at European Center for Nuclear Research (CERN) in 1997 [1][2][3][4] and since then it has been used for various practical applications. Currently, many high energy and nuclear physics experiments are using or proposing to use GEM technology, which is creating a big demand for GEM foils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability tests performed on the triple GEM detector built using commercially manufactured GEM foils in India

Gola¹,

Malhotra²,

Kumar³

et al. 2019

J. Inst.

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A : The Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) technology is based on thin polymer foils cladded with copper on both the sides with a regular matrix of holes. Due to the limited manufacturing capacity of CERN, these GEM foils are now commercially manufactured also by Micropack Pvt. Ltd., a company based in India. In order to gain an insight on the behaviour of detectors built using the foils from Micropack, it is important to study various long and short term effects on these foils due to the applied voltage as well as the flux of the incident particles. In this paper, we report the effect on gain stability of triple GEM detectors due to the polarising field induced by X-rays on the polyimide foils. Also, reducing the size of the amplifying structure to the microscopic scale results in a quick mitigation of the space charge effects which in turn helps in attaining a stable gain at very high incident flux. We report on the measurements of variations in the effective gain at very high particle flux of the order of MHz/mm 2 . K: Gaseous Detector, Polarisation, Rate capability 1Corresponding author.1Apical is a polyimide film similar to Kapton and is available from Kaneka Texas Corporation, Pasadena, TX.

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Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) Detectors: Principles of Operation and Applications

Cited by 14 publications

References 197 publications

The gas electron multiplier (GEM): Operating principles and applications

The gas electron multiplier (GEM): Operating principles and applications

A new technique to establish the uniformity of the induction gap in GEM based detector

Stability tests performed on the triple GEM detector built using commercially manufactured GEM foils in India

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