1990
DOI: 10.1002/cjce.5450680602
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Gas entrainment rate and flow pattern of vertical plunging liquid jets

Abstract: For a vertical plunging liquid jet system using various liquids, the effects of the operating conditions including the nozzle length-to-diameter ratio on the gas entrainment rate Q, were evaluated experimentally. The differences in Q, were related to the changes in the jet shape before plunging and the velocity of the plunging liquid jet at the point where the gas sheath breaks up. Empirical relationships were also presented to predict the maximum depth Z of bubbles entrained by the diffusing jet. The changes … Show more

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Cited by 46 publications
(13 citation statements)
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“…For the shape of the discharging jet, regardless of Fr and L,lD, or the liquids, roughly two types of jets were observed, as was the case in the previous works (Ohkawa et al, 1987;Kusabiraki et al, 1990); one is of a surface disturbance type at the dimensionless nozzle height H,, /D, below 20, and the other is a type of sinuous undulation at H,,/D,, above 20. At the present experimental conditions, no break-up of liquid jets occurred.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 69%
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“…For the shape of the discharging jet, regardless of Fr and L,lD, or the liquids, roughly two types of jets were observed, as was the case in the previous works (Ohkawa et al, 1987;Kusabiraki et al, 1990); one is of a surface disturbance type at the dimensionless nozzle height H,, /D, below 20, and the other is a type of sinuous undulation at H,,/D,, above 20. At the present experimental conditions, no break-up of liquid jets occurred.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 69%
“…Some methods (Henderson et al, 1970;Burgess et al, 1972;Van de Sande and Smith, 1973;Ervine et a]., 1980;McKeogh and Ervine, 1981) to evaluate the change of jet shape are also available. The main objective of the present study is to investigate quantitatively the surface length change of the jet under various operating conditions and to find the relation between their changes and those in the gas entrainment rate observed in the previous work (Kusabiraki et al, 1990). The main objective of the present study is to investigate quantitatively the surface length change of the jet under various operating conditions and to find the relation between their changes and those in the gas entrainment rate observed in the previous work (Kusabiraki et al, 1990).…”
mentioning
confidence: 70%
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“…[7][8][9][10] Several studies have examined entrainment by liquid jets. [11][12][13][14][15][16] Acoustic emissions and ''signatures'' have been identified with other forms of liquid drop impact, including rainfall, [17][18][19][20] and wave breaking. 21,22 Such studies have in turn led to studies of the underlying fluid dynamics 23,24 and investigations of the possibility of using the acoustic signals for monitoring purposes.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%