Shale gas exploration and development
is regarded as
one of the
vital areas in which breakthroughs are urgently needed. The Longmaxi
Formation shale in the Weiyuan Block was considered a case study.
Based on the analysis of the physical evolution, burial history, thermal
history, as well as hydrocarbon generation history of the Longmaxi
Formation shales, the impact of uplift amplitude on the shale gas
reservoirs, the shale gas transport pattern and direction in the adjustment
stage, and the shale gas enrichment pattern are discussed in this
study. The results from this study showed that (1) the Weiyuan Block
could reach the maximum burial depth in the Late Middle Cretaceous,
and then there was uplifting and erosion of the strata, with an erosion
amount of 2000–4200 m. (2) The migration of shale gas is mostly
contributed by Darcy flow and slippage flow. In addition, Darcy flow
contributed to larger migration, which is about 100 times that of
slippage flow. Darcy flow occurs in about 13.7% of the pores in the
Longmaxi Formation shale. (3) The enrichment of shale gas can be significantly
impacted by the uplift amplitude. The gas reservoirs with uplift amplitudes
higher than 3000 m and lower than 3000 m differ significantly in terms
of their physical characteristics, pressure coefficients, and gas
concentrations. (4) The Longmaxi Formation shale gas reservoirs can
be separated into five categories based on the uplift amplitudes,
migration characteristics, and pressure coefficients: a lost gas reservoir,
an enriched gas reservoir, a gas reservoir first enrichment and then
loss, a gas reservoir first loss and then enrichment, and a supply
gas reservoir. Although the supply gas reservoir occupies the largest
area, the enriched gas reservoir is the key zone for analysis, as
well as the development of the Longmaxi Formation shale gas in the
Weiyuan Block.