Abstract:Indium tin oxide (ITO) materials with different morphologies have been fabricated via sputtering technology by adjusting the oxygen flow rate and RF-power. The repeatable and controllable growth conditions of different ITO materials have been achieved. The gas sensors with different ITO materials were fabricated on ceramic tube directly, which have the characteristics of low cost and simple preparation process. Through our analysis, the nanowires have larger specific surface area, more oxygen vacancies and an … Show more
“…In addition, coatings deposited at negative bias potentials had a wavy surface and were rather uniformly distributed across the substrate. According to the literature [28,29] packing density increases with smoothering the surface. That consequence of the nucleation sites formation at more intense argon ion bombardment.…”
Fabrication and development of HfB 2 -based nanostructured coatings was investigated. All films were deposited on stainless-steel substrates by RF magnetron sputtering from stochiometric HfB 2 target in argon atmosphere. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effects of the bias potential on the microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties. These parameters strongly depend on the experimental conditions. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated the difference in microstructure: from dense hexagonal structure with (0001) preferred orientation of nanocrystallites to quasi-amorphous with blurred HfB 2 phase peaks. All coatings were measured using nanoindentation (using Berkovich tip), tribology (ballon-disk) and nano-scratch (friction). Coatings with a thickness of 1-2 µm had a significant dependence of properties on the microstructure: hardness drastically increased from 8 to 45 GPa, H/E ratio and elastic recovery changed respectively: 0.04-0.15 and 0.26-0.72.
“…In addition, coatings deposited at negative bias potentials had a wavy surface and were rather uniformly distributed across the substrate. According to the literature [28,29] packing density increases with smoothering the surface. That consequence of the nucleation sites formation at more intense argon ion bombardment.…”
Fabrication and development of HfB 2 -based nanostructured coatings was investigated. All films were deposited on stainless-steel substrates by RF magnetron sputtering from stochiometric HfB 2 target in argon atmosphere. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effects of the bias potential on the microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties. These parameters strongly depend on the experimental conditions. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated the difference in microstructure: from dense hexagonal structure with (0001) preferred orientation of nanocrystallites to quasi-amorphous with blurred HfB 2 phase peaks. All coatings were measured using nanoindentation (using Berkovich tip), tribology (ballon-disk) and nano-scratch (friction). Coatings with a thickness of 1-2 µm had a significant dependence of properties on the microstructure: hardness drastically increased from 8 to 45 GPa, H/E ratio and elastic recovery changed respectively: 0.04-0.15 and 0.26-0.72.
“…At 600°C, the average response time and recovery time decreased to 28 and 14 s, respectively [159]. ITO crystalline structure is shown in Figure 17c [162].…”
Section: Indium Tin Oxidementioning
confidence: 97%
“…At 600°C, the average response time and recovery time decreased to 28 and 14 s, respectively [159]. ITO crystalline structure is shown in Figure 17c [162]. Figure 17 Indium tin oxide (ITO): (a) Response and recovery time of ITO variation with annealing temperature, (b) sensitivity of ITO films against relative humidity (reproduced with permission [161] Copyright 2017, Springer Nature) and (c) crystalline structure of ITO (reproduced with permission [162] Copyright 2020, Springer Nature).…”
Section: Special Consideration For Sensing Materials and Monitoring M...mentioning
Detecting and monitoring of corrosion is one of the major challenges in insulated metallic structures or structures with one or more than one interface. This review paper aims to consolidate scattered literature on laboratory system-based corrosion measurement at the interface region. There are range of sensor-based detection and monitoring methods (active, passive) for corrosion rate analysis, including those which measures a surrogate, i.e. quantifying moisture, temperature, pH and qualify other changes or degradations at the interface. With the emergence of a novel application of advanced sensing methods, this review also presents the possibility of the application of hybrid and multifunctional sensing methods at the interfaces, aimed at advancing corrosion monitoring at the interface region. Key research areas of development relating to the application of combination of other materials (e.g. metal oxides, carbon nanotubes, metal nanowires, piezoelectric) as potential sensors and their impact on existing practices in the field are identified.
“…Among them, indium tin oxide (ITO) is a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) with excellent characteristics of high light transmission and low resistivity; thus, it is extensively used in optoelectronic products, including liquid crystal displays [ 4 ], solar cells [ 5 ], flat-panel displays [ 6 ], and light-emitting diodes [ 7 ]. With low resistance and abundant lattice defects on the surface, ITO can also be used as gas sensor materials [ 8 , 9 ]. Furthermore, similar to NiSi nanowires, ITO nanowires may also be used as interconnects in integrated nanoscale devices [ 10 ].…”
In this study, indium tin oxide nanowires (ITO NWs) with high density and crystallinity were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) via a vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) route; the NWs were decorated with 1 at% and 3 at% silver nanoparticles on the surface by a unique electrochemical method. The ITO NWs possessed great morphologies with lengths of 5~10 μm and an average diameter of 58.1 nm. Characterization was conducted through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS) to identify the structure and composition of the ITO NWs. The room temperature photoluminescence (PL) studies show that the ITO NWs were of visible light-emitting properties, and there were a large number of oxygen vacancies on the surface. The successful modification of Ag was confirmed by TEM, XRD and XPS. PL analysis reveals that there was an extra Ag signal at around 1.895 eV, indicating the potential application of Ag-ITO NWs as nanoscale optical materials. Electrical measurements show that more Ag nanoparticles on the surface of ITO NWs contributed to higher resistivity, demonstrating the change in the electron transmission channel of the Ag-ITO NWs. ITO NWs and Ag-ITO NWs are expected to enhance the performance of electronic and optoelectronic devices.
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