Gas Transport and Gill Function in Water-Breathing Fish

Perry, Steve F.; Esbaugh, Andrew J.; Braun, Marvin H.; Gilmour, Kathleen M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-93985-6_2

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 234 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Typically, most species that have been examined exhibit hyperventilation that is mediated by increases in breathing frequency and/or ventilatory stroke volume (Dejours, 1973;Janssen and Randall, 1975;Randall et al, 1976;Smatresk and Cameron, 1982;Perry and Gilmour, 1996;Crocker et al, 2000;Perry et al, 2009b) (for reviews, see Shelton et al, 1986;Perry and Wood, 1989;Milsom, 1995;Gilmour, 2001;Perry and Gilmour, 2002;Gilmour and Perry, 2007;Perry et al, 2009a;Perry and Abdallah, 2012). The cardiovascular responses to hypercapnia have received less attention but in those few species that have been examined, a conserved response appears to be bradycardia Sundin et al, 2000;Reid et al, 2000;Perry and McKendry, 2001;Gilmour et al, 2005) which may, or may not, be associated with an increase in arterial blood pressure (reviewed by Gilmour and Perry, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac responses to hypercapnia in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio): The links between CO2 chemoreception, catecholamines and carbonic anhydrase

Miller

Pollack

Bradshaw

et al. 2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The ontogeny of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) sensing in zebrafish (Danio rerio) has not been examined. In this study, CO 2 -mediated increases in heart rate were used to gauge the capacity of zebrafish larvae to sense CO 2 . CO 2 is thought to be detected via neuroepithelial cells (NECs), which are homologous to mammalian carotid body glomus cells. Larvae at 5 days post-fertilization (d.p.f.) exhibited tachycardia when exposed for 30 min to 0.75% CO 2 (~5.63 mmHg); at 7 d.p.f., tachycardia was elicited by 0.5% CO 2 (~3.75 mmHg). Based on pharmacological evidence using β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) antagonists, and confirmed by β 1 -AR translational gene knockdown using morpholinos, the reflex tachycardia accompanying hypercapnia was probably mediated by the interaction of catecholamines with cardiac β 1 receptors. Because the cardiac response to hypercapnia was abolished by the ganglionic blocker hexamethonium, it is probable that the reflex cardio-acceleration was mediated by catecholamines derived from sympathetic adrenergic neurons. Owing to its likely role in facilitating intracellular acidification during exposure to hypercapnia, it was hypothesized that carbonic anhydrase (CA) is involved in CO 2 sensing, and that inhibition of CA activity would blunt the downstream responses. Indeed, the cardiac response to hypercapnia (0.75% CO 2 ) was reduced in fish at 5 d.p.f. exposed to acetazolamide, a CA inhibitor, and in fish experiencing zCAc (CA2-like a) knockdown. Successful knockdown of zCAc was confirmed by CA activity measurements, western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Co-injection of embryos with zCAc morpholino and mRNA modified at the morpholino binding site restored normal levels of CA activity and protein levels, and restored (rescued) the usual cardiac responses to hypercapnia. These data, combined with the finding that zCAc is expressed in NECs located on the skin, suggest that the afferent limb of the CO 2 -induced cardiac reflex in zebrafish larvae is initiated by coetaneous CO 2 -sensing neuroepithelial cells.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac responses to hypercapnia in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio): The links between CO2 chemoreception, catecholamines and carbonic anhydrase

Miller

Pollack

Bradshaw

et al. 2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In response to aquatic hypoxia, fish typically exhibit gill hyperventilation (Randall and Shelton, 1963;Holeton and Randall, 1967) (for reviews see Shelton et al, 1986;Perry and Gilmour, 2002;Gilmour and Perry, 2007;Perry et al, 2009a;Perry et al, 2009b;Perry and Gilmour, 2010). Depending on species, the hyperventilatory response may reflect variable increases in breathing frequency (f V ) and/or amplitude [V AMP ; see table 1 in Perry et al (Perry et al, 2009b)].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The control of breathing in goldfish (Carassius auratus) experiencing thermally induced gill remodelling

Tzaneva

Perry

2010

Journal of Experimental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY At temperatures below 15°C the gill lamellae of goldfish (Carassius auratus) are largely covered by an interlamellar cell mass (ILCM) which decreases the functional surface area of the gill. The presence of the ILCM in goldfish acclimated to cold water conceivably could lead to a covering of the neuroepithelial cells (NECs), which are believed to be important for sensing ambient O2 and CO2 levels. In this study we tested the hypothesis that goldfish with covered lamellae (and presumably fewer NECs exposed to the water) exhibit a decreased capacity to hyperventilate in response to hypoxic stimuli. Measurements of ventilation amplitude and frequency were performed during exposure to acute hypoxia (PwO2=30 mmHg) or following injections of the O2 chemoreceptor stimulant NaCN into the buccal cavity or caudal vein of fish acclimated to 25°C (uncovered lamellae) or 7°C (covered lamellae) to stimulate predominantly the externally or internally oriented NECs, respectively. The results demonstrated no significant differences in the response to hypoxia, with each group exhibiting similar percentage increases in ventilation amplitude (90–91%) and frequency (34–43%). Similarly, with the exception of a rightward shift of the ventilation frequency dose–response in the fish acclimated to 7°C, there were no significant differences between the two groups of fish in the ED50 values. These findings suggest that goldfish with covered lamellae retain the capacity to sense external hypoxic stimuli. Using immunohistochemistry to identify serotonin-enriched NECs, it was demonstrated that the presence of the ILCM results in the NECs being redistributed towards the distal regions of the lamellae. In 25°C-acclimated fish, the NECs were distributed evenly along the length of the lamellae with 53±3% of them in the distal half, whereas in fish acclimated to 7°C, 83±5% of the NECs were confined to the distal half. Using the neuronal marker antibody ZN-12, it was demonstrated that the NECs at the distal edges of the lamellae are innervated by nerve fibres. Thus, it is hypothesised that the capacity to sense external hypoxic stimuli in goldfish acclimated to cold water is maintained despite the increasing coverage of the gill epithelial surfaces because of a redistribution of innervated NECs to the exposed distal regions of the lamellae.

show abstract

“…An elevated RBC and HGB would result in an increase in blood O 2 carrying capacity. In addition, O 2 carrying capacity can be increased either acutely or chronically via elevation of HCT (Perry et al, 2009). When exposed to iron, banded tilapia had an increased RBC to transport more oxygen to tissues (Wepener, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of waterborne Fe(II) on juvenile turbot Scophthalmus maximus: analysis of respiratory rate, hematology and gill histology

You

Liu³

et al. 2012

Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The concentration of Fe(II) is high in some groundwater supplies used in turbot culture, and the toxicity of waterborne Fe(II) is unknown. We investigated the stress responses of juvenile turbot, Scophthalmus maximus, exposed to Fe(II) of different concentrations (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/L) for 1, 7, 14, and 28 d, under the same ambient conditions of other parameters. Changes in respiratory rate, hematological parameters, and gill structure were determined. The results show that waterborne Fe(II) did not cause severe hematological perturbation to turbot. A low-medium Fe(II) concentration (lower than 0.1 mg/L) could boost the respiratory rate, and caused no or very limited damage to fish. A high Fe(II) concentration (0.1 mg/L or higher), however, caused gill damage, such as vacuoles in branchial lamellae, epithelial necrosis, and hypertrophy of epithelial cells, and even death after extended exposure time. Therefore, excess waterborne Fe(II) and long-term exposure to Fe(II) could be responsible for poor growth and high mortality of turbot in culture. The concentration of waterborne Fe(II) in turbot culture should be kept below 0.1 mg/L.

show abstract

Gas Transport and Gill Function in Water-Breathing Fish

Cited by 28 publications

References 234 publications

Cardiac responses to hypercapnia in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio): The links between CO2 chemoreception, catecholamines and carbonic anhydrase

Cardiac responses to hypercapnia in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio): The links between CO2 chemoreception, catecholamines and carbonic anhydrase

The control of breathing in goldfish (Carassius auratus) experiencing thermally induced gill remodelling

Effects of waterborne Fe(II) on juvenile turbot Scophthalmus maximus: analysis of respiratory rate, hematology and gill histology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About