Gastos das famílias brasileiras com medicamentos segundo a renda familiar: análise da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares de 2002-2003 e de 2008-2009

García, Leila Posenato; Sant’Anna, Ana Cláudia; Magalhães, Luís Carlos Garcia de; Freitas, Lúcia Rolim Santana de; Aurea, Adriana Pacheco

doi:10.1590/s0102-311x2013001200013

Cited by 37 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The positive correlation between income and acquisition of medicines observed (Figure 2, A) agrees with previous studies in Brazil 13 , d . Garcia et al 13 , also using 2008/2009 POF data, showed that 8.5% of the income of less economically privileged families was spent on medicines; in higher income families, this percentage was 1.6%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Access to medicines affects the state of health of an individual, being an indicator of the quality and resoluteness of the health system, and one of the determinants in following the treatment prescribed 13 . This study showed that, in 22.0% of the households participating in the 2008/2009 POF, at least one member did not acquire medicines because of lack of funds, which represented 9.3% of the population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…The data were analyzed using the factor of expansion 2, provided by IBGE for each participating household, which allows the information to be valid for the entire Brazilian population 22 . Significance tests were not performed because of the large number of sampling units, since non-important effects may be considered statistically significant 13 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several governmental actions have been implemented in Brazil to support pharmaceutical care, such as the National Medicine Policy ( Política Nacional de Medicamentos ) 22 , the National Pharmaceutical Assistance Policy ( Política Nacional de Assistência Farmacêutica ; Ministério da Saúde; Resolução 338/2004), and the Pact for Health, which established specific funding for pharmaceutical care ( Pacto pela Saúde; Ministério da Saúde; Portaria 399 / 2006). However, SUS has not yet been satisfactorily able to meet all demands for medicines, increasing expenditures with medicines in the private sector, particularly affecting the household budgets of lower income families 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies conducted on the use of medicines in Brazil include those based on institutional data, such as hospitals and other health units 11 , and cross-sectional studies based on populations, conducted mainly in cities 8 , 12 or with specific populations 7 , 9 . Studies that reflect the national situation are rare 6 , 13 , and Brazil still lacks comprehensive systems capable of providing basic information on the use of medicines by the population 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Access to medicines in Brazil based on monetary and non-monetary acquisition data obtained from the 2008/2009 Household Budget Survey

2016

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OBJECTIVE To investigate the access to medicines by Brazilian families by monetary and non-monetary acquisition data.METHODS This is a cross-sectional study based on data obtained from the 2008/2009 Brazilian Household Budget Survey. The units of assessment were households that participated in the survey and the data on the acquisition of medicines over the 30 days prior to the interviews. The medicines were classified according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system.RESULTS Acquisition of medicines was reported by 82.9% of Brazilian households, with 2.38 medicines/household, and 0.72 medicine/individual. In the South and Southeast regions, the average acquisition was slightly greater than the national average (2.53 and 2.49, respectively). In 22.3% of Brazilian households, it was reported that a medicine was not acquired due to lack of financial resources, mainly in the North and Northeastern regions, and in rural areas. Approximately 15.0% of medicines were obtained with no costs, 90.1% of them by the Brazilian Unified Health System. The medicines most acquired were those acting on the nervous system (28.8% of Brazilian households), on the cardiovascular system (15.7%), on the digestive tract and metabolism (14.3%), and on the respiratory system (12.1%). Overall, the quantity of medicines acquired was greater in higher socioeconomic classes of the population, with the exception of antiparasitic products, most likely because of the precarious sanitary conditions faced by less privileged social classes.CONCLUSIONS The acquisition of medicines is a common practice in Brazil, being reported by over 80.0% of the Brazilian households in 2008/2009. Although the data obtained from the Brazilian Household Budget Survey have some limitations, the information obtained in this study can help health authorities to design national and regional policies to guarantee access to these products while promoting their rational use.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Access to medicines in Brazil based on monetary and non-monetary acquisition data obtained from the 2008/2009 Household Budget Survey

2016

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Fatores associados à qualidade de vida em mulheres no climatério

Serpa

Lima

Guimarães

et al. 2016

Reprodução & Climatério

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Income-related inequality and inequity in children’s health care: A longitudinal analysis using data from Brazil

Santos

Perelman

Jacinto

et al. 2019

Social Science & Medicine

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The Brazilian Unified Health System was created in the late 1980s to ensure free universal access to health care and was funded by taxes and social contributions. The persistent inequity in access to health services in favour of richer individuals in Brazil has been observed in the literature. However, to the best of our knowledge, no measurement of inequality in medicine use or private health insurance (PHI) among children has been performed with longitudinal data. This paper uses inequality indices and their decompositions to analyse the income-related inequalities/inequities in children's health care in the city of Pelotas, Brazil, using longitudinal data following children from 12 to 72 months of age. Our sample with data in all waves has between 1877 and 2638 children (varying according to outcome). We seek to answer three questions: i) How does the inequality/inequity in health care evolve as children grow up? ii) What are the main factors associated with inequality in children's health care? iii) How much of the change in inequality/inequity is explained by mobility in children's health care and income mobility? We found that inequities in health care have their beginnings in early childhood but that there was a reduction in inequity at 72 months of age. Ownership of children's PHI was associated with greater pro-rich inequity in health care. The reduction in inequality/inequity was linked to mobility in the sense that initially poorer children had greater gains in health care (a greater increase in PHI ownership and a lower reduction in medicine use). Despite this improvement among the poorest, apparently, the Brazilian public health service seems to fail to ensure equity in health care use among children, with possible long-term consequences on inequalities in health.

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Gastos das famílias brasileiras com medicamentos segundo a renda familiar: análise da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares de 2002-2003 e de 2008-2009

Cited by 37 publications

References 7 publications

Access to medicines in Brazil based on monetary and non-monetary acquisition data obtained from the 2008/2009 Household Budget Survey

Access to medicines in Brazil based on monetary and non-monetary acquisition data obtained from the 2008/2009 Household Budget Survey

Fatores associados à qualidade de vida em mulheres no climatério

Income-related inequality and inequity in children’s health care: A longitudinal analysis using data from Brazil

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