Gastric biomarkers: a global review

Baniak, Nick; Senger, Jenna‐Lynn; Ahmed, Shahid; Kanthan, Selliah; Kanthan, Rani

doi:10.1186/s12957-016-0969-3

Cited by 88 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 173 publications

(224 reference statements)

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“…MSI-positive gastric cancers show specific features: they usually have a later onset in life and are often located in distal part of the stomach and they usually have an intestinal histotype [45, 53–56]. The MSI in patients affected by gastric cancer seems to be a positive prognostic factor [57]. MSI-positive tumours show a better prognosis compared to MSI-negative as they have a lower local invasion capacity and have a lower prevalence of lymph nodes involvement; they also have a higher survival rate compared to MSI-negative gastric cancer at the same stage [50, 55–60] (Table 1).…”

Section: Microsatellite Instabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PD-L1 binding PD-1 is responsible for inducing and keeping the tolerance of peripheral T-cells [57]. PD-L1 is overexpressed in about the 40% of gastric cancer belonging to the EBV-positive type [13, 61].…”

Section: Pd-l1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The overexpression of PD-L1 can then be considered as a predictive biomarker of the response to a targeted therapy (Table 1). Targeting the PD1/PD-L1 pathway represents a promising strategy for the treatment of GC [57, 65]. …”

Section: Pd-l1mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Diagnostic, Predictive, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Molecular Biomarkers in Third Millennium: A Breakthrough in Gastric Cancer

Carlomagno

Incollingo

Tammaro

et al. 2017

BioMed Research International

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Introduction Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the third cause of cancer death. The clinical outcomes of the patients are still not encouraging with a low rate of 5 years' survival. Often the disease is diagnosed at advanced stages and this obviously negatively affects patients outcomes. A deep understanding of molecular basis of gastric cancer can lead to the identification of diagnostic, predictive, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers. Main Body This paper aims to give a global view on the molecular classification and mechanisms involved in the development of the tumour and on the biomarkers for gastric cancer. We discuss the role of E-cadherin, HER2, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), MET, human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), microsatellite instability (MSI), PD-L1, and TP53. We have also considered in this manuscript new emerging biomarkers as matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), microRNAs, and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Conclusions Identifying and validating diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, and therapeutic biomarkers will have a huge impact on patients outcomes as they will allow early detection of tumours and also guide the choice of a targeted therapy based on specific molecular features of the cancer.

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Section: Microsatellite Instabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pd-l1mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnostic, Predictive, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Molecular Biomarkers in Third Millennium: A Breakthrough in Gastric Cancer

Carlomagno

Incollingo

Tammaro

et al. 2017

BioMed Research International

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“…Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second most cancer-related death worldwide 1. An estimated 420,000 patients were diagnosed with GC in 2011 and resulted in almost 300,000 deaths in China 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The long noncoding RNA, TINCR, functions as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate PDK1 expression by sponging miR-375 in gastric cancer

Chen¹,

Liu²,

Yang³

et al. 2017

OTT

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BackgroundAccumulating evidence indicates that the long noncoding RNA, TINCR, plays a critical role in cancer progression and metastasis. However, the overall biological role and mechanisms of TINCR that were involved in human gastric cancer (GC) progression remain largely unknown.MethodsTINCR expression was measured in 56 paired tumor and adjacent nontumor tissue samples by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Insights of the mechanism of competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) were gained from bioinformatic analysis, luciferase assays. The effects of TINCR and miR-375 on GC cell apoptosis and proliferation were studied by RNA interference approaches in vitro and in vivo. The correlation of TINCR and PDK1 was identified by real-time PCR and Western blot analysis.ResultsOur results showed that miR-375 level decreased and TINCR level increased in tumor tissues. In addition, TINCR was a target of miR-375 and inhibited its expression in GC cells. Furthermore, the low expression of TINCR increased cell apoptosis and inhibited the proliferation of GC cells, while the downregulation of miR-375 reversed the function. In particular, TINCR could negatively regulate the miR-375 expression and increased the PDK1 expression in GC cells. Finally, tumor growth suppression was retarded with miR-375 downregulated in TINCR knockdown of GC cell xenografts.ConclusionThe long noncoding RNA TINCR functions as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate PDK1 expression by sponging miR-375 in GC. The ceRNA regulatory network of TINCR/miR-375/PDK1 allows us to better understand the pathogenesis of GC and facilitate the development of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)-directed diagnostics in GC.

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“…Trastuzumab is one of the first examples of personalized cancer therapy where improved clinical outcomes are reported in patients with HER-2 positive breast tumors. The biomarker is found in several other solid tumors [43]. Breast cancer and biomarkers related to tumor growth, metastasis, response to therapy and tumor resistance are widely reported [7,44].…”

Section: Breast Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Some aspects of cancer biomarkers and their clinical application in solid tumors – revisited

Isaac¹,

Elayoubi²,

A³

et al. 2017

J Cancer Res Ther.

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Cancer biomarkers can be used for a variety of purposes related to screening, prediction, stratification, detection, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment design, and monitoring of a therapeutic response. One of the most important characteristics of a given biomarker includes ease of collection allowing for a non-invasive approach and frequent sampling. Such samples may be obtained from serum or plasma, sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage, saliva, nipple discharge, pleural, or peritoneal effusions. Validation of different biomarkers is considered a mandatory method for useful evaluation. In this review, we highlight the clinical applicability of some cancer biomarkers, as well as future approaches for their development and collection, which may help guide clinicians and researchers. The role of liquid biopsies will also be summarized. Further studies using liquid biopsies are needed to elucidate the significance of various sources of biomarkers suitable for clinical application.

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Gastric biomarkers: a global review

Cited by 88 publications

References 173 publications

Diagnostic, Predictive, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Molecular Biomarkers in Third Millennium: A Breakthrough in Gastric Cancer

Diagnostic, Predictive, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Molecular Biomarkers in Third Millennium: A Breakthrough in Gastric Cancer

The long noncoding RNA, TINCR, functions as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate PDK1 expression by sponging miR-375 in gastric cancer

Some aspects of cancer biomarkers and their clinical application in solid tumors – revisited

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