Gastric bypass up-regulates insulin signaling pathway

PURPOSE:To compare the two lines suture (total and seromuscular) after partial gastrectomy in normal and overweight rats. METHODS:Forty Wistar rats were distributed in two groups. Group A received normal diet; group B, normal diet and supplementation with saccharose in the water. When group B progressed to a statistically greater weight than the animals of group A, the experiment (sleeve-like gastrectomy) was conducted with gastrorraphy in two sutures lines (total and seromuscular).The animals were distributed into two subgroups of 10. A1 and A2 subgroups were sacrificed at 7 and 14 days postoperatively as well as B1 and B2. Mortality, morbidity, complications attributed to the gastric suture, biochemical dosages, Lee index, macroscopy, weight of retroperitoneal and gonadal fat, optical microscopy with hematoxylin-eosin and picrosirius-red, were the evaluation parameters. RESULTS:The overweight group achieved statistically greater weight after 16 weeks in induced obesity; there was no mortality or complications with clinical consequences attributable to morbidity. The overweight group had statistically greater weight of gonadal and retroperitoneal fat. The difference was observed in urea, albumin, total cholesterol and indirect bilirubin. CONCLUSION:There was no outcome difference between the overweight and non-overweight group in two suture lines in gastrorrhaphy after sleeve-like gastrectomy.

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“…This reduction, after obesity induction in rats, was also observed by other authors with other techniques 22,25 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Due the fact that rat is animal with resistance to infection, the use of prophylactic antibiotics and antiseptic techniques may have contributed to the good results. These aspects were also observed by other researchers 21,22 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Vertical gastrectomy in overweight and non-overweight rats

et al. 2016

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“…AMPK represents the primary signalling pathway responsible for contraction-induced glucose uptake (110). There is evidence to indicate that glucose transporter (GLUT-4) abundance is increased in skeletal muscles and adipose tissue after gastric bypass (111). RYGB in GK rats was found to improve insulin tolerance through up regulation of GLUT4 mRNA transcripts and by stimulating translocation of GLUT4 in adipose tissue (112).…”

Section: Insulinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the anti-diabetic effect of IT surgery in GK rats was attributed to an up-regulation of GLUT-4 protein in skeletal muscle (99). Similarly, following RYGB surgery, GLUT-4 protein abundance was found to be increased in skeletal muscle as well as in adipose tissue in diet induced obese rats (111). After binding of insulin with its receptor (IR), the resultant phosphorylation of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase phosphorylates IRS-1.…”

Section: Markers Of Glucose Metabolism In Adipose Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of sleeve gastrectomy and ileal transposition, alone and in combination, on food intake, body weight, gut hormones, and glucose metabolism in rats

Nausheen

Shah

Pezeshki

et al. 2013

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Gastric bypass surgeries for obesity are hypothesized to produce weight loss and improve diabetes by multiple mechanisms including gastric restriction and lower gut stimulation.The surgeries typically involve rearrangement of the fore-gut, hind-gut or both. We compared the effects of foregut (Sleeve Gastrectomy, SG), hindgut (Ileal Transposition; IT), both (SG+IT), or sham manipulations, on food intake, body weight and glucose tolerance in male SD rats. SG, IT and SGIT surgeries produced transient reduction in food intake and weight gain but improvements in glucose tolerance. SG, IT and SGIT surgeries increased plasma GLP-1 concentrations; IT and SGIT increased PYY concentrations. The protein abundance of key markers of glucose metabolism (e.g. GLUT4, AMPK, PKA, IRS-1) in muscle and adipose tissue were increased following SG, IT, or SGIT. Improvement in glycemic control following these surgeries appears to be independent of changes in weight and is likely due to enhanced lower gut stimulation.iii Acknowledgment

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“…In rats, RYGB has been shown to increase levels of the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and membrane-bound GLUT4 in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle (6,37). This suggests an improved insulin signaling and hence glucose handling in these tissues.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%