Gastric emptying of organic acids in the dog.

Hegglin, J; Krejs, G. J.; Largiadèr, F; Säuberli, H; Schmid, Phillip G.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1976.sp011559

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Also, in the rat study, the glucose response showed a slower decrease in the late postprandial phase in the presence of the acid, which is in line with a mechanism related to a lowered gastric emptying rate (Ebihara & Nakajima, 1988). In studies from the 1960s and 1970s, the influence of organic acids on gastric emptying was evaluated in both humans (Hunt & Knox, 1969, 1972 and animals (Blum et al, 1976). In one of these early reports, Hunt and Knox (1972) stated that the higher the molecular weights of weak acids, the lower the potential of slowing gastric emptying.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Vinegar supplementation lowers glucose and insulin responses and increases satiety after a bread meal in healthy subjects

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To investigate the potential of acetic acid supplementation as a means of lowering the glycaemic index (GI) of a bread meal, and to evaluate the possible dose-response effect on postprandial glycaemia, insulinaemia and satiety. Subjects and setting: In all, 12 healthy volunteers participated and the tests were performed at Applied Nutrition and Food Chemistry, Lund University, Sweden. Intervention: Three levels of vinegar (18, 23 and 28 mmol acetic acid) were served with a portion of white wheat bread containing 50 g available carbohydrates as breakfast in randomized order after an overnight fast. Bread served without vinegar was used as a reference meal. Blood samples were taken during 120 min for analysis of glucose and insulin. Satiety was measured with a subjective rating scale. Results: A significant dose-response relation was seen at 30 min for blood glucose and serum insulin responses; the higher the acetic acid level, the lower the metabolic responses. Furthermore, the rating of satiety was directly related to the acetic acid level. Compared with the reference meal, the highest level of vinegar significantly lowered the blood glucose response at 30 and 45 min, the insulin response at 15 and 30 min as well as increased the satiety score at 30, 90 and 120 min postprandially. The low and intermediate levels of vinegar also lowered the 30 min glucose and the 15 min insulin responses significantly compared with the reference meal. When GI and II (insulinaemic indices) were calculated using the 90 min incremental area, a significant lowering was found for the highest amount of acetic acid, although the corresponding values calculated at 120 min did not differ from the reference meal. Conclusion: Supplementation of a meal based on white wheat bread with vinegar reduced postprandial responses of blood glucose and insulin, and increased the subjective rating of satiety. There was an inverse dose-response relation between the level of acetic acid and glucose and insulin responses and a linear dose-response relation between acetic acid and satiety rating. The results indicate an interesting potential of fermented and pickled products containing acetic acid.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Vinegar supplementation lowers glucose and insulin responses and increases satiety after a bread meal in healthy subjects

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…With respect to beneficial effects on glucose metabolism, Todesco et al (1991) suggested that the reduction seen in postprandial glycaemia following ingestion of propionateenriched bread was caused by an inhibition of the amylolytic activity. Other possible mechanisms include a delay in the rate of gastric emptying in mammals, including man (Blum et al 1976; H. Liljeberg and I. Bjorck, unpublished results). In addition, propionic acid has been shown to increase glycolysis and decrease glucose production in isolated rat hepatocytes (Anderson & Bridges, 1984).…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Influence of orally and rectally administered propionate on cholesterol and glucose metabolism in obese rats

et al. 1996

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It has increasingly been suggested that the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) acetic, propionic and butyric acids, derived from colonic fermentation of dietary fibre and other indigestible carbohydrates, exert different physiological effects. Formation of propionic acid is discussed in terms of beneficial effects on glucose and cholesterol metabolism. The aim of the present study was to evaluate possible metabolic effects of propionic acid and to differentiate between effects mediated in the upper gastrointestinal tract and those mediated in the hind-gut. For this purpose, obese hyperinsulinaemic (fa/fa) rats were studied during a 19 d test period. Sodium propionate was either fed orally through the diet (1 g/d), or infused rectally (0.15 g/d) to animals given diets high in cholesterol (20 g/kg) and saturated fat (130 g/kg). At the end of the test period total liver cholesterol pools were 20% lower (P < 0.01) in rats given dietary or rectally infused propionate (481 and 484 mg respectively) compared with the control group (614 mg).This was due to lower liver weights (P < 0.05) in propionate-treated animals, 15.5 and 15.3 g, v. 18.2 g in the control group, and no differences were noted in hepatic cholesterol concentrations. The urinary glucose excretion was measured during days 15-19 and was found to be lower (P < 0.05) in rats fed with propionate (23mg) compared with the control group or the group infused rectally (39 and 38mg respectively). In addition, fasting plasma glucose concentrations decreased significantly (P < 0.05) over the test period. It is concluded that orally supplied propionate affects both glucose and cholesterol metabolism as judged from lowered urinary glucose excretion, fasting blood glucose and liver cholesterol pools. On the other hand, propionate administered to the hind-gut at a physiologically relevant level reduces the hepatic cholesterol pool.

show abstract

“…3 The volume of an ingested fluid meal is the most important determinant of the emptying rate in monogastric animals 4 and suckling calves. 5 Other physiologically important determinants of emptying rate are energy density (ie, caloric content) of a meal, [6][7][8] type of protein or fat, [9][10][11] and osmolarity of the solution. 12 Because an increased caloric content of an ingested meal slows gastric emptying rate, [6][7][8] we hypothesized that an OES containing a high-glucose concentration would be emptied more slowly in suckling calves than a low-glucose OES.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Two Oral Electrolyte Solutions and Route of Administration on the Abomasal Emptying Rate of Holstein‐Friesian Calves

Nouri

Constable

2006

Veterinary Internal Medicne

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dehydrated calves with diarrhea are routinely given an oral electrolyte solution (OES) by suckling or esophageal intubation. An important issue related to rehydration therapy is the rate of OES delivery to the small intestine. It is widely assumed that the glucose content of the OES does not impact the speed of resuscitation and that fluid administered by esophageal intubation provides a similar resuscitative response to that obtained by suckling. The aims of this study were to compare the abomasal emptying rate in calves suckling an OES containing a high or low glucose concentration and in calves administered a high-glucose OES by suckling or esophageal intubation. Seven male Holstein-Friesian calves were given the following treatments in random order: 2 L of a commercially available high-glucose OES ([glucose] 5 405 mM) by suckling or esophageal intubation or 2 L of a commercially available low-glucose OES ([glucose] 5 56 mM) by suckling. Abomasal emptying rate was determined by acetaminophen absorption, ultrasonography, and glucose absorption. High-glucose OES rapidly increased plasma glucose concentration after suckling but produced a slower rate of abomasal emptying than did lowglucose OES. Esophageal intubation of high-glucose OES produced the same initial change in abomasal volume as did suckling, but delayed the rate of OES delivery to the small intestine. Our results suggest that suckling a low-glucose OES provides the fastest rate of abomasal emptying and plasma volume expansion, whereas a high-glucose OES provides the most appropriate oral solution for treating hypoglycemic calves.

show abstract

Gastric emptying of organic acids in the dog.

Cited by 26 publications

References 12 publications

Vinegar supplementation lowers glucose and insulin responses and increases satiety after a bread meal in healthy subjects

Vinegar supplementation lowers glucose and insulin responses and increases satiety after a bread meal in healthy subjects

Influence of orally and rectally administered propionate on cholesterol and glucose metabolism in obese rats

Comparison of Two Oral Electrolyte Solutions and Route of Administration on the Abomasal Emptying Rate of Holstein‐Friesian Calves

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About