Gastrointestinal Microbiome and Multiple Health Outcomes: Umbrella Review

Chang, Chengting; Yuan, Xingzhu; Zhang, Xingxia; Chen, Xinrong; Li, Ka

doi:10.3390/nu14183726

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 215 publications

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“…Several hypothesized mechanisms connect the microbiota to the development of thyroid diseases, including the generation of self-antigens through post-translational modification of proteins, activation of Toll-like receptor 4 by lipopolysaccharides, and the disruption of intercellular junctions in the intestine [ 27 ]. Moreover, the microbiome influences thyroid hormone levels by regulating iodine uptake, degradation, and enterohepatic circulation [ 28 ]. Additionally, minerals such as selenium, iron, and zinc, which are associated with thyroid function, significantly impact the interactions between the host and the gut microbiota [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of probiotics or prebiotics on thyroid function: A meta-analysis of eight randomized controlled trials

Shu,

Kang,

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background Microbiome-directed therapies are increasingly utilized to optimize thyroid function in both healthy individuals and those with thyroid disorders. However, recent doubts have been raised regarding the efficacy of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in improving thyroid function. This systematic review aimed to investigate the potential relationship between probiotics/prebiotics and thyroid function by analyzing the impact on thyroid hormone levels. Methods We conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that investigated the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyroid stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb) levels. We searched for articles from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase up until April 1st, 2023, without any language restriction. Quantitative data analysis was performed using a random-effects model, with standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval as summary statistics. The methods and results were reported according to the PRISMA2020 statement. Results A total of eight articles were included in this review. The meta-analysis showed no significant alterations in TSH (SMD: -0.01, 95% CI: −0.21, 0.20, P = 0.93; I2: 0.00%), fT4 (SMD: 0.04, 95% CI: −0.29, 0.21, P = 0.73; I2: 0.00%) or fT3 (SMD: 0.45, 95% CI: −0.14, 1.03, P = 0.43; I2: 78.00%), while a significant reduction in TRAb levels was observed (SMD: -0.85, 95% CI: -1.54, -0.15, P = 0.02; I2: 18.00%) following probiotics/prebiotics supplementation. No indication of publication bias was found. Conclusions Probiotics/prebiotics supplementation does not influence thyroid hormone levels, but may modestly reduce TRAb levels in patients with Graves’ disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of probiotics or prebiotics on thyroid function: A meta-analysis of eight randomized controlled trials

Shu,

Kang,

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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“…Surprisingly, we have also found an association between high fibrinogen levels and the Chao index. A close pathogenic link exists between GM and thromboinflammation, in that the former promotes the formation, in the liver, of the pro-atherogenic molecule Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) via the cleavage of dietary choline ( 31 ). We cannot infer from our data whether increased cardiovascular and atherosclerotic risk in CD may be related to gut dysbiosis ( 2 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbial dysbiosis in patients with Cushing’s disease in long-term remission. Relationship with cardiometabolic risk

et al. 2023

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BackgroundPatients with Cushing’s disease (CD) in remission maintain an increased cardiovascular risk. Impaired characteristics of gut microbiome (dysbiosis) have been associated with several cardiometabolic risk factors.MethodsTwenty-eight female non-diabetic patients with CD in remission with a mean ± SD) age of 51 ± 9 years, mean ( ± SD) BMI, 26 ± 4, median (IQR) duration of remission, 11(4) years and 24 gender-, age, BMI–matched controls were included. The V4 region of the bacterial 16S rDNA was PCR amplified and sequenced to analyse microbial alpha diversity (Chao 1 index, observed number of species, Shannon index) and beta diversity analysis through the Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) of weighted and unweighted UniFrac distances. Inter-group difference in microbiome composition was analysed using MaAsLin2.ResultsThe Chao 1 index was lower in CD as compared with controls (Kruskal-Wallis test, q = 0.002), indicating lower microbial richness in the former. Beta diversity analysis showed that faecal samples from CS patients clustered together and separated from the controls (Adonis test, p<0.05). Collinsella, a genus form of the Actinobacteria phylum was present in CD patients only, whereas Sutterella, a genus from Proteobacteria phylum, was scarcely detectable/undetectable in CD patients as well as Lachnospira, a genus of the Lachnospiraceae family of the Firmicutes phylum. In CS, the Chao 1 index was associated with fibrinogen levels and inversely correlated with both triglyceride concentrations and the HOMA-IR index (p<0.05).ConclusionsPatients with CS in remission have gut microbial dysbiosis which may be one of the mechanisms whereby cardiometabolic dysfunctions persist after “cure”.

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“…These bioactive metabolites are clearly important in the regulation of the activity of cells throughout the body. A review of 195 meta-analyses with 990 unique health outcomes concluded that the gut microbiota is related to many disease states, including gastrointestinal disease, immune and metabolic outcomes, neurological and psychiatric outcomes, and maternal and infant outcomes [19]. Health interventions that rely on the gut microbiota include prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics.…”

Section: Anthocyanins In Central Nervous System Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Benefits of Anthocyanins in Chronic Disorders of the Central Nervous System

Panchal

Brown

2022

Molecules

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Anthocyanins have been shown to be effective in chronic diseases because of their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects together with changes in the gut microbiota and modulation of neuropeptides such as insulin-like growth factor-1. This review will examine whether these mechanisms may be effective to moderate the symptoms of disorders of the central nervous system in humans, including schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, autism spectrum disorder, depression, anxiety, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and epilepsy. Thus, anthocyanins from fruits and berries should be considered as complementary interventions to improve these chronic disorders.

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Gastrointestinal Microbiome and Multiple Health Outcomes: Umbrella Review

Cited by 14 publications

References 215 publications

Effect of probiotics or prebiotics on thyroid function: A meta-analysis of eight randomized controlled trials

Effect of probiotics or prebiotics on thyroid function: A meta-analysis of eight randomized controlled trials

Gut microbial dysbiosis in patients with Cushing’s disease in long-term remission. Relationship with cardiometabolic risk

Potential Benefits of Anthocyanins in Chronic Disorders of the Central Nervous System

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