Gastroprotective and antioxidant effects of fluvoxamine on stress-induced peptic ulcer in rats

Abstract

Objectives Stress-induced peptic ulcer disease (SPUD) refers to erosions in the mucosa of the upper gastrointestinal tract that are caused by stress. Some antidepressants are reported to have antioxidant and antiulcer effects. However, histopathological and biochemical evaluation of the anti-ulcer activity of a comparable antidepressant, fluvoxamine, has not been adequately investigated. This study aims to determine the anti-ulcer efficacy of fluvoxamine in reducing stress-induced histopathological and biochemical changes in the gastric mucosa. Methods Thirty adult male albino rats were divided into three groups of 10 rats each: the control groups, the SPUD group, and the fluvoxamine-pre-treated group, which received fluvoxamine for eight days before stress exposure. The cold-restraint stress method was used to induce stomach ulcers in the SPUD and fluvoxamine groups. Afterward, the stomachs of rats were removed, opened, and ulcer indices were calculated. Light microscopy was performed following haematoxylin and eosin staining, periodic acid Schiff's, Masson's trichrome staining, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunostaining. Gastric tissue levels of oxidative stress markers were measured and compared among groups. Results The stomachs of the fluvoxamine-treated rats showed a significantly lower number of ulcers with minimal mucosal injury compared with those of rats from the SPUD group. The oxidative stress marker levels and SPUD ulcer indices were significantly different among groups. Conclusion Fluvoxamine pre-treatment exerted a gastroprotective effect against ulcer development and promoted healing of the developed lesions.

Lessons on the Sigma-1 Receptor in TNBS-Induced Rat Colitis: Modulation of the UCHL-1, IL-6 Pathway

“…The results confirmed our hypothesis and showed that BD1063 antagonist abolished the protective effect of FLV. This phenomenon is in accordance with the findings of Elsaed et al [52]. They showed that FLV treatment per os significantly decreased the extent of gastric ulcers in a rat model of stress-induced ulceration.…”

Sigma-1 Receptor Engages an Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Feedback Loop Mediated by Peroxiredoxin in Experimental Colitis

“…Further elevations in ARE and SOD1 mRNA levels were found after pentazocine treatment, along with a decrease due to the administration of σ1R antagonists such as haloperidol. In our study, we found a marked increase in SOD activity due to FLV treatment in agreement with Elsaed et al [37], who reported the same alteration in a stress-induced peptic ulcer disease (SPUD) rat model. They suggested that orally administered FLV increased SOD expression and, similar to our results, they also found an attenuation in stomach ulcers due to FLV.…”

Prophylactic Gastric Histopathological Evaluation of Fluvoxamine and Mirtazapine in Aspirin Induced Rat Model

“…Alternatively aspirin was chosen with its wide use and 35% greater ability to produce ulcers than indomethacin 19 Secondly gastric hispathological analysis had been done previously only in one study of mirtazapine and one of fluvoxamine in indomethacin and stress induced ulcer. 20,21 Gastric histopathological evaluation was carried out in the present study and it was observed that gastric damage induced in aspirin treated group was greatly attenuated by prophylactic use of fluvoxamine 100mg/kg with mild ulceration, mild cellular infiltration and mild congestion The effect of fluvoxamine 200mg/kg was more pronounced So fluvoxamine 200mg/kg completely prevented the aspirin induced ulceration. The definite mechanism by which fluvoxamine suppresses oxidative stress is still unclear however researcher have demonstrated that fluvoxamine interacts with mitochondrial lipid bilayer and affects electron transport chain thereby inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation.…”