Gatekeepers for Gendersex Norms: Trans (Un)Intelligibility and (Il)Legitimacy Within the Danish Healthcare System

Occhino, Molly; Skewes, Lea

doi:10.1080/08038740.2020.1834450

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This is well-exemplified with the cases of non-binary individuals, who often feel that they need to perform their gender in a particular way to receive gender-affirming care [ 13 ], who do not necessarily seek gender-affirming medical interventions. When they do, however, they might face the problem of how the normative culture of gender manifests and how it may shape their access to particular treatments in the transitioning process [ 6 , 13 , 40 , 41 ]. This indicates that the culture of gender in which gendered bodies exist as a binary is still prevalent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These practices follow the ICD 3 -10 diagnostic codes as opposed to those of the ICD-11, which —as elaborated later— do not pathologize transgender identities. 4 Previous research shows that when the role of mental health professionals in the transitioning process is merely diagnostic, and not solely supportive, the mental health professionals are often viewed as gatekeepers by transgender patients, resulting in negative effects on the patients’ experiences with healthcare providers [ 5 , 6 ]. Discussions around similar approaches have long addressed concerns and rejected approaches that tend to focus on ascertaining whether a patient is “trans enough.” Scholarly research has shown negative impacts of the pathologization of transgender identities, [ 7 ] and lights the path to new approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the non-governmental organization Loisto Settlement provides similar activities for victims of honor-related violence, many of them who are queer 8. Miyake refers to Issey Miyake is a Japanese fashion designer, known for his luxury clothing designs, exhibitions, and fragrances 6. For further information on quota refugees in Finland, see: https:// migri.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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(Dis)advantaged positions in accessing gender-affirming healthcare in Finland: an intersectional qualitative study of foreign-origin transgender people

Czimbalmos

Rask

2022

BMC Health Serv Res

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Background An increasing body of scholarship focuses on transgender individuals’ experiences when accessing gender-affirming healthcare. However, the experiences of transgender individuals who identify as being of foreign-origin in Finland have rarely been studied. This study aims to fill the gap in research and contribute to the understanding of the experiences of transgender individuals who also identify as belonging to the foreign-origin populations in Finland. Methods Fourteen semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted and analyzed with reflexive thematic analysis (RTA), through the framework of intersectionality. The interviews were part of a broader sample of qualitative data, collected about the experiences of sexual and gender minorities among the foreign-origin populations in Finland. Results The analysis showed two main interconnected themes. Firstly, perceived barriers when accessing gender-affirming care. In this theme, the intersections of transgender identity, foreign background, class, and age affected the experiences of the individuals. Secondly, the necessity of “performing identities:” the intersections of class, transgender identity, nativity, and race affected those. Conclusion The findings of the current study suggest that the intersectional aspects of individual identities create structural inequalities in the Finnish gender-affirming healthcare system. To tackle these inequalities, further research is needed on the healthcare experiences of gender minorities in Finland both within and outside the scope of transgender-specific healthcare.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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(Dis)advantaged positions in accessing gender-affirming healthcare in Finland: an intersectional qualitative study of foreign-origin transgender people

Czimbalmos

Rask

2022

BMC Health Serv Res

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“…This system literally makes non-binary people unintelligible. 9 See Dietz (2016) and Occhino and Skewes (2020) for further discussion of the legislative changes.…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doing Un/Troubled Subject Positions as a Transgender Woman with Autism

Skewes¹,

Occhino²,

Herold³

2021

KKF

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This paper aims to capture in/exclusion processes in one transgender person’s life, a person who is also diagnosed with autism. We do this through Staunæs’ (2005) concept of troubling subjectivities, which helps us to explore how one specific person, Vera, ‘does’ or negotiates her identities as a neurodiverse transgender woman. We pay particular attention to how the two categories of transgender and autism intersect and which in/exclusion processes they set in motion. In this way, we unfold how identifying as transgender and having been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder shape Vera’s life. Specifically, we aim to unveil how these two social categories shape her degree of agency in her private social relations and in institutional settings of both education and healthcare. This is important to explore for two reasons: a) the intersections of multiple social categories change the conditions under which someone is allowed to do their particular personhood in different social settings, and b) research shows that a significant number of transgender people also inhabit the clinical category of autism. We show, that while Vera is able to perform identities related to the categories of transgender and autism in personally empowering ways, she is at the same time obstructed by what we refer to as identity overwork. That is, others’ positioning of Vera as ‘troubled’, repeatedly requires her response, on multiple social levels and in various contexts.

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“…Gender role expectations have constituted a quantitatively measurable artefact (López-Sáez and García with painful implications for people who do not fall within this traditional gender dichotomy (Doan, 2010). Therefore, psychological practice has contributed to the erasure of alternative testimonies, narratives, and modes of conceiving sex and gender (Bauer et al, 2009;Occhino and Skewes, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectories towards affirmation: Gender identity in mental health services after the ICD-11

Argyriou

2022

qpsicologia

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Depathologisation of gender diversity in the ICD-11 marks a shift in psychological services for transgender and gender nonconforming people. Even though the stipulated changes are only practically applicable ever since early 2022, a general move towards affirmative psychotherapeutic and counselling practice has been noticed ever since 2018. The present paper covers three main models of mental health care for gender minorities, namely the conversion therapy model, the transsexual gatekeeping model, and the affirmative model, in order to view them under a novel lens. Drawing on Science, Technology and Society Studies, the universalist presumptions and rigid gender roles of the traditional models are brought under scrutiny. Moreover, the itinerary reveals the need for situated narratives that encourage self-determination and renovate the therapeutic relationship as a means of self-exploration instead of an institutional control mechanism. Concluding, it is remarked that intersectional knowledge is crucial in compensating for micro-aggressive practices and dynamics historically promoted by psychologists and other mental health providers.

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Gatekeepers for Gendersex Norms: Trans (Un)Intelligibility and (Il)Legitimacy Within the Danish Healthcare System

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

(Dis)advantaged positions in accessing gender-affirming healthcare in Finland: an intersectional qualitative study of foreign-origin transgender people

(Dis)advantaged positions in accessing gender-affirming healthcare in Finland: an intersectional qualitative study of foreign-origin transgender people

Doing Un/Troubled Subject Positions as a Transgender Woman with Autism

Trajectories towards affirmation: Gender identity in mental health services after the ICD-11

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