“…Based on the idea that the Gaussian sampling is a fine tuning procedure which starts during exploration and is continued to exploitation, Wang et al [22] proposed a new parameter-free DE algorithm, called GBDE. In the GBDE, the mutation strategy uses a Gaussian sampling method which is defined by
where N represents a Gaussian distribution with mean ( X
best, j ( t ) + x
i , j ( t ))/2 and standard deviation | X
best, j ( t ) ā x
i , j ( t )| and CR is the probability of crossover.…”