GC-MS analysis of chemical composition of Sambucus ebulus leaves

Abstract

547.913 and M. V. Bubulica 1* Sambucus ebulus L. is a common species of Eurasian origin that is mentioned as belonging to flora of different countries >1-3@.Carl von Linne is the first to give authenticity to the genus and its names and species while providing a detailed and complete description of them [4].From Sambucus ebulus L. are harvested rhizomes, roots, leaves, flowers, and fruits. Sambucus ebulus L. is known in Romanian traditional medicine mainly for its bacteriostatic and diuretic action. It is harvested from June to August [5].Plants were collected from the village of Imnicu de Sus, Dolj, Romania during July-August 2008. After harvesting, the leaves were dried at temperatures between 20-25qC in a dark room. After drying, the leaves were ground and extracted with ethyl alcohol and ethyl ether.The mass of the extraction cartridge was 10 to 15 g of spray product. Extraction with diethyl ether lasted 8 hours in a Soxhlet extractor. After cooling, the system was washed with ether, and the combined extracts were concentrated by distillation in a rotavapor to 50 mL volume and analyzed by GC-MS. The cartridge with residues was dried and weighed.Examined material: Sambucus ebulus L. leaves; substances: solvents (ethyl alcohol, ethyl ether); equipment: Hewlett Packard 6890 gas chromatograph with 5973 mass spectrometer detector, column: BD1 30 m u 0.25 mm u 1 Pm, T inj .: 290qC, carrier gas flow rate (He) = 0.8 mL/min, split ratio 188:1, = 188:1, temperature source MS = 230qC, quadrupole MS = 150qC, interface MS = 300qC, Soxhlet extractor, LABOROTA rotavapor 4000.Results of extraction: 2.156% extractable compounds in ether and 11.43% extractable compounds in alcohol.Test results are presented in Tables 1 and 2. A large number of compounds were identified in Sambucus ebulus L. for the first time in the the specialty literature using a simple and inexpensive method with reduced solvent consumption. The main constituents with therapeutic properties of this plant are phenolic compounds, found in great numbers in the leaves of Sambucus, which are associated with organoleptic, nutritional, and antioxidant properties. Four of them (4-ethylcatechol, 2-methoxy-6-(2-propyl)-phenol, 4-ethyl-1,3-benzenediol, 1,2-benzenediol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol) are common in medicinal plants (Maticaria chamomilla, Melilotus officinalis, L. album) and are responsible for the antiinflammatory effect of this plant [6]. The presence of a large number of hydrocarbons and ethers in plants can be correlated with their analgesic properties. Also, it is known that ethers in the composition of identified plants in traditional medicine are responsible for their antibacterial (yarrow, calendula) or calming (chamomile) properties [7]. Also, a multitude of hydrocarbons in plants can be linked with their geographical affiliation and the soil characteristics of the place where they are harvested.There have also been identified a great number of fatty acids (palmitic, linoleic, stearic, myristic, isovaleric, 3-methylvaleric acids). Isovaleric and valer...

Lipid Classes and Fatty Acid Regiodistribution in Triacylglycerols of Seed Oils of Two Sambucus Species (S. nigra L. and S. ebulus L.)

“…Sambucus nigra L., due to their dark blue/purple fruits which are desirable to birds, rapidly colonize the areas along roadways, forest edges, and fence lines [6]. Sambucus ebulus L. is known in Romanian folk medicine mainly for its bacteriostatic and diuretic action [7]. In many countries of the World, leaves, flowers and berries of these plants are traditionally used for several medicinal applications [5,8].…”

Determination of Polyphenol and Flavonoid Profiles and Testing the Antibacterial Effect of Acanthus longifolius Comparative with Vaccinium myrtillus

“…The results of the GC-MS analysis of volatile compounds [18,19] from the tincture obtained by relating the retention time of the gas chromatograms of the data provided by the mass spectrometer, led to the observation that volatile ethyl-methyl carbonate is present in both tinctures (table 4). In literature it is noted that vegetable extracts that contain anthocyanins and phenolic acids have potential antibacterial on the bacteria Escherichia coli and Proteus vulgaris, which causes frequently urinary infections and sepsis [20].…”

Determination of Antioxidant Components and Activity of Tamarix ramosissima Comparative with Vaccinium myrtillus on Streptozotocin-diabetic Mice

“…The working parameters for GC-MS: injector temperature of 150°C, injection volume: 0.5 µL; 30 kPa pressure; total flow: 101.8 mL/min; column flow: 1.62 mL/ min; linear velocity: 46.9 cm/s; split ratio: 60; purge flow 3 mL/min; carrier gas: helium; column temperature (temperature ramp) 80°C (1 min), 170°C (3 min), 200°C (3 min); MS detector: ion source temperature 220°C; The interface temperature 250°C; Scan speed 1666 u/s. Identification of the volatiles compounds was performed by comparing the mass spectra obtained with the data of the software from libraries (NIST 05) [13,14].…”