GC-MS analysis of leaf, stem-bark and root extracts of Alstonia boonei

Abstract

Alstonia boonei De Wild is a medicinal plant commonly found in WestAfrican and is popularly known as God's tree. The plant parts have been traditionally used as a painkiller, antimicrobial, antimalarial and antidiabetic which have also been proved scientifically. Previous studies revealed little information on phytochemcial components of A. boonei. The present work aims at investigating and comparing the chemical components of the leaf, the stem-bark and the root of the plant in order to provide sufficient baseline information for isolation work on medicinal components of the plant. Leaf, stem-bark and root extracts of A. boonei were prepared by maceration using 1:1 EtOAc/MeOH. The crude extract was successively macerated with hexane, dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (TLC-DPPH) analysis was used to screening out DCM fraction for further analysis. Gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy studies were performed to profile phytochemical constituent of the plant. The GC-MS analysis of DCM extract of the leaf revealed ten chemical components with Eugenol as major component (54.58%); DCM extract of the stem-bark showed forty one components with alpha-amyrin (32.25%) while DCM extract of the root revealed twenty components with 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid (49.2%) as major component. This study shows that the A. boonei extracts of the leaf, stem-bark and root consist of different types of compounds with few components common to two of the parts. Quantitatively, common phytochemicals decrease from leave to root. The most prominent compounds identified by GC/MS were Eugenol, benzenedicarboxylic acid and alpha-amyrin.

Dispersive interactions in the adsorption and corrosion inhibition effects of Alstonia boonei on mild steel in acidic environments

“…The observations favour the application of the extract in corrosion inhibitors studies as these compounds are part of the group of phytochemicals that have been reported to be responsible for the retardation of corrosion reactions of metals in aggressive environments. In his study on the GC-MS analysis of leaf, stem-bark and root extracts of Alstonia boonei , Babatunde (2017) reported that 10 compounds were characterized from the leaves of Alstonia boonei and they were: eugenol, caryophyllene, phenol, bicyclo(3.1.1)heptane, hexadecanoic acid, n-hexadecanoic acid, 1-heneicosanol, phytol, 1-docosene and 2,6,10,14,18,22-Tetracosahexaene. Of all the characterized compounds, eugenol (with chemical structure as presented in Figure 1) was the most abundant in the extract.…”

Anticancer activity of Nigerian medicinal plants: a review

“…The bioactive compound, echitamine, present in the stem-bark of A. boonei hindered the development and caused the extermination of fibrosarcoma in rat models [30]. Two bioactive compounds, namely, eugenol and 1, 2-benzenedicarboxylic acid isolated from the leaf and root, respectively, of A. boonei suppressed the proliferation of MiaPaCa (pancreas), A549 (lung), PC-3 (prostate), and HCT-116 (colon) cancer cell lines [31][32][33].…”

Anti-Corrosive Propensity of Alstonia boonei towards Copper in 0.5 M HCl

“…On reviewing literature, it was found that ascorbic acid, boonein and benzocarbothioic acid are the most active molecules present in Alstonia boonei and these individually also show adsorptive propensity [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Thus, quantum chemical studies of these molecules were carried out (figures 5-7).…”

“…Because plants are biodegradable, readily available, nontoxic and environmental friendly they are widely used as corrosion inhibitors for protection of metal in acid and alkaline environment [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Alstonia boonei species contains various classes of compounds such as ascorbic acid, boonein acid, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic acids, steroids, amino acids, terpenoids, lipids, saponins, anthriquinone derivatives, volatile oils, coumarins, organic acids [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] and most of these chemicals possess anti-corrosive property. An attempt is made to investigate the potentiality of Alstonia boonei leaves extract to impede copper corrosion in 0.5 M HCl at room temperature using chemical method.…”