GC/MS Analysis of the Essential Oil of <i>Leucas indica</i> from India

Joshi, Rajesh K.

doi:10.1177/1934578x1400901119

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The injector temperature was set at 230°C, and the injection volume was 0.1 μL in n-hexane, with a split ratio of 1:50. MS was taken at 70 eV with a mass range of m/z 40-450 [34,35]. Identification of constituents was done on the basis of retention index (RI), determined with reference to homologous series of n-alkanes C 8 -C 25 under identical experimental conditions, by comparing with the MS literature data [36] and coinjection of commercial samples from Sigma-Aldrich, India (≥ 98% purity).…”

Section: Chromatographic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-melanogenic activity of Myristica fragrans extract against Aspergillus fumigatus using phenotypic based screening

Hoda

Vermani

Joshi

et al. 2020

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background: Aspergillus fumigatus, an opportunistic fungal pathogen is associated with a wide array of diseases. It produces 1, 8-dihydroxy naphthalene (DHN) melanin that imparts greenish grey color to conidia and is an important virulence factor. It masks various molecular patterns associated with A. fumigatus and protects the fungus from host immune system. Myristica fragrans, enriched with secondary metabolites has been traditionally used for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases. The present study was aimed to explore the antimelanogenic effect of M. fragrans extracts on A. fumigatus.Methods: M. fragrans extracts (hexane, chloroform, methanol and ethanol) were prepared through polarity guided extraction. Phytochemical analysis was performed to detect the chemical constituents of the extracts. The minimum effective concentration (MEC) of the extracts against A. fumigatus melanin was determined by broth micro-dilution assay. Various virulence factors were assayed by spectrophotometric methods. Electron microscopic studies were performed to evaluate the effect of the hexane extract of M. fragrans on A. fumigatus cell surface morphology. The major active compounds of the extract were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Docking was performed to study the interaction between the major identified compounds and the ketosynthase domain of polyketide synthase protein. Results:The results indicated that the hexane extract of M. fragrans inhibited melanin production (76.09%), reduced ergosterol content (83.63%) and hydrophobicity of the cell (72.2%) at the MEC of 0.078 mg/mL. Altered conidial surface, disappearance of protrusions and absence of melanin layer on outer cell surface was observed in electron microscopy. Forty-two compounds were identified by GC-MS. The main constituents were identified as sabinene (12.2%), linoleic acid (11.7%), hexadecanoic acid (10.5%), safrole (8.1%) and elemicin (7.8%). Docking studies revealed that hexadecanoic acid, its derivative compound cis-9-hexadecenal and isoeugenol have lower binding energy forming proper hydrogen bond with ketosynthase domain of polyketide synthase protein.(Continued on next page) Conclusion:The study concludes that the extract of M. fragrans has potential antifungal properties that can be explored in combination with available antifungals. This combination approach may be helpful for large number of patients suffering with A. fumigatus infections.

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Section: Chromatographic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-melanogenic activity of Myristica fragrans extract against Aspergillus fumigatus using phenotypic based screening

Hoda

Vermani

Joshi

et al. 2020

BMC Complement Med Ther

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“…While chemical investigation of the volatile oil of the African L. aspera detected carvone, carvacrol, and menthol as major components [ 17 ], a recent report by Joshi et al (2016) [ 18 ] on the volatile oil of the Indian L. aspera uncovered that the oil is rich in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (47.7%), where β-caryophyllene was the fundamental constituent with a percentage of 34.2% [ 18 ]. Whereas Joshi (2014) [ 23 ] confirmed the dominance of β-caryophyllene (51.1%) in the L. indica essential oil, Vagionas et al (2007) [ 22 ] found that the fundamental chemical class in L. glabrata is oxygenated monoterpenes (64.4%), with menthone (31.8%) and pulegone (11.4%) as essential constituents. Moreover, high contents of β-cubebene (38.1%), α-pinene (19.7%), and trans-caryophyllene were detected in L. milanjiana oil [ 19 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition, In Vitro Antimicrobial, Free-Radical-Scavenging and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oil of Leucas inflata Benth

et al. 2017

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The essential oil of Leucas inflata Balf.f. (Lamiaceae), collected in Yemen, was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. Forty-three components were recognized, representing 89.2% of the total oil. The L. inflata volatile oil was found to contain a high percentage of aliphatic acids (51.1%). Hexadecanoic acid (32.8%) and n-dodecanoic acid (7.8%) were identified as the major compounds. Oxygenated monoterpenes were distinguished as the second significant group of constituents (16.0%). Camphor (6.1%) and linalool (3.2%) were found to be the main components among the oxygenated monoterpenes. In addition, the volatile oil was assessed for its antimicrobial activity against four bacterial strains and one yeast species using broth micro-dilution assay for minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). In addition, antioxidant activity was measured utilizing the anti-radical activity of the sable free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and β-Carotene-linoleic acid assays. The oil of L. inflata showed an excellent antibacterial activity against only the tested Gram-positive bacteria with a MIC-value of 0.81 mg/mL. Furthermore, the oil demonstrated, at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, a weak to moderate antiradical and antioxidant activity of 38% and 32%, respectively.

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“…MS was taken at 70 eV with a mass range of m/z 40–450, and other parameters used were those reported earlier. [1617] The major constituent of the essential oil of A. glauca was identified and confirmed (co-injection of commercial sample from Sigma-Aldrich, India (≥98% purity).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of Angelica glauca essential oil on allergic airway changes induced by histamine and ovalbumin in experimental animals

et al. 2017

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GC/MS Analysis of the Essential Oil of Leucas indica from India

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Anti-melanogenic activity of Myristica fragrans extract against Aspergillus fumigatus using phenotypic based screening

Anti-melanogenic activity of Myristica fragrans extract against Aspergillus fumigatus using phenotypic based screening

Chemical Composition, In Vitro Antimicrobial, Free-Radical-Scavenging and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oil of Leucas inflata Benth

Effect of Angelica glauca essential oil on allergic airway changes induced by histamine and ovalbumin in experimental animals

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