Tamarix ramosissima (Tamaricaceae) is a small tree that grows spontaneously in Europe and Asia, being considered an invasive species in geographical areas with warm climates. The chemical composition is partially elucidated, being empirically used for antiinflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial and antioxidant effect. Our study aimed to evaluate the total polyphenol and flavonoid content of vegetal extracts and to test in vivo antioxidant therapeutic effect of it, comparative with Vaccinium myrtillus, using streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. After five weeks the animals were sacrificed and we determined erythrocyte activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and level of lipid peroxides as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Antioxidant enzymes had highest activities in mice treated with T. ramosissima extract and the level of lipid peroxides was the lowest. The tested extract had higher content of polyphenols comparative with V. myrtillus. Our results sustain the efficiency of T. ramosissima extracts on normalizing the effects of oxidative stress in diabetes.