Gc-MS Profiling of Volatile Compounds From Fifteen Different Varieties of Indonesian Shallot Grown in Tidal Swampland

Galingging, Ronny Yuniar; SOBIR, SOBIR; Aisyah, SyarifahIis; Maharijaya, Awang

doi:10.31788/rjc.2018.1123001

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The compound 26-Nor-5cholesten-3-beta-ol-25-one is a steroid compound with antimicrobial, antiin ammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, antipyretic and estrogenic activities [34]. This compound was previously found in Indonesian shallot grown in tidal swamp land [35] Another study by [34] revealed the presence of 26-Nor-5-cholesten-3-beta-ol-25-one in an illicit erection enhancer tablets (Hard on). 1,3-benzene diol is used as antiseptic and disinfectant in topical pharmaceutical products to treat skin disorders such as eczema and acne.…”

Section: Gc-ms Results For Water Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Analysis of Pharmaceutical Emerging Contaminants in Water and Fish Samples of River Kaduna

Rumah,

Rilwan,

Bako

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Purpose of the research: The presence of pharmaceutical emerging contaminants (PECs) in natural waters has drawn the attention of many Scientists around the world. Reports on the presence of these contaminants in different water systems continue to increase over the last few decades. This provokes worry about their potential negative implications to biodiversity and humans and their accumulation over a long period of time due to their ability to biotransformed and thus, breaks down into metabolites which can be more bioactive than the drug itself. Additionally, they have the potential to create physiological effects in humans at small doses. Methodology: This research involved preliminary investigations on disposal practices of expired drugs by pharmacists within Kaduna. Water and fish samples from river Kaduna were collected and prepared for GC-MS analysis to detect the presence of PECs. Findings: preliminary investigations on disposal practices of expired drugs by pharmacists within Kaduna metropolis revealed that about 60% of the pharmacists discard their expired products through either dumping in bin or burning; 20% reported to follow National (NAFDAC) guidelines while about 20% either refused to respond or were not aware about the disposal practices. The GC-MS results obtained for water sample revealed the presence of N-(3-methylbutyl) acetamide (335 g/L), acetic acid (81 g/L) and cyclopentaneundecanoic acid (140 g/L). Whereas in fish sample, 26-Nor-5-cholesten-3-beta.-ol-25-one (400 g/kg), 1,3-benzene diol (160 g/kg), cyclopentaneundecanoic acid (170 g/kg) as well as N-(3-methylbutyl) acetamide (40 g/kg) were present. Some of the compounds found in relatively lower concentrations in the water sample are phthalic acid (27 g/L), guanidine (27 g/L), gluconic acid (17 g/L) and silver acetate (0.7 g/L) while in fish sample, hydroxylamine (3 g/kg), 1,5 heptadiene (12 g/kg) and silane (4 g/kg) were present. Most of the compounds detected are either esters, acids and alcoholic compounds. There is no doubt that this method detects not only PECs in water and fish samples efficiently but also other contaminants such as pesticides, surfactants and other hazardous gases. Originality/Value: Studies on PECs in Nigeria is either ignored or limited especially in Northern part of the Country despite its occurrence in different locations and different environmental compartments with variations in concentrations. This research will create awareness and expose individuals and stakeholders to the potential negative effects of these contaminants. Conclusions: Pharmaceutical chemicals are very broad which include solvents, water, reactants and others. There is no doubt that the methods employed in this study detect not only pharmaceutical contaminants in water and fish samples but even other contaminants such as pesticides in minute concentrations. There is need for incorporation of other detection methods such as LC-MS since GC-MS can only detect volatile substances.

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Section: Gc-ms Results For Water Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Analysis of Pharmaceutical Emerging Contaminants in Water and Fish Samples of River Kaduna

Rumah,

Rilwan,

Bako

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The diversity of shallots has been widely studied based on morphological markers (Sari et al 2017;Major et al 2018;Herlina et al 2019a), volatile profiles (Galingging et al 2018), and genetic markers (Herlina et al 2019b). The characteristics of fried shallots desired by consumers' have high intensity of savory taste, fragrant sulfury aroma, and crispness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability and relationship of six Indonesian shallots (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum) cultivars based on amino acid profiles and fried shallot’s sensory characteristics

et al. 2021

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Abstract. Yofananda O, Sobir, Wijaya CH, Lioe HN. 2021. Variability and relationship of six Indonesian shallots (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum) cultivars based on amino acid profiles and fried shallot’s sensory characteristics. Biodiversitas 22: 3327-3332. Shallot is an essential spice in the daily menu and processed food due to its unique flavor. Therefore information regarding the correlated compounds responsible for flavor in several cultivars of shallot will be important to elucidate. Since the amino acids profile is a key component of flavor character, this study aimed to determine the variability of amino acid profiles among six shallot cultivars related to fried shallot’s sensory characteristics. The six shallot cultivars were Bima Brebes, Bauji, Batu Ijo, Tajuk, Super Philip, and Rubaru. The shallot bulb was cultivated in the same area. The bulb size was analyzed using an analytical balance, the amino acids profile was analyzed using HPLC instrument, and sensory characteristics of fried shallots were analyzed using the rate-all-that-apply descriptive method. The result showed that the shallots contained a high content of glutamic acid, arginine, and aspartic acid. Based on fresh weight, Batu Ijo was significantly different than the other cultivars which comprised Tajuk, Rubaru, Bauji, Super Philip and Bima Brebes. Clustering based on amino acid profiles of the fresh bulb, they were divided into three groups. The first group consisted only Bauji, and the second group consisted of Rubaru, Batu Ijo, Super Philip and Tajuk, the third group was only Bima Brebes. Based on the sensory characteristics of fried shallots, they were divided into three groups. The first group comprised of Bauji and Tajuk, the second group comprised of Rubaru alone, and the third group comprised of Batu Ijo, Super Philip, and Bima Brebes. The Pearson correlation analysis showed that L-phenylalanine, L-arginine, and glycine have a significant positive correlation with a sweet taste of fried shallot, indicated that amino acids profile is an important parameter for shallot flavor.

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Volatile compounds profile of some Indonesian shallot varieties

Indrasari

Arofah²,

Kristamtini

et al. 2021

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Shallot, Allium ascolanicum L., is one of the leading horticultural commodities that are widely cultivated in Indonesia. Shallot is a commonly used seasoning for various types of dishes. This study aimed to determine the volatile compounds profile of some raw Indonesian shallot varieties. Four shallots varieties (Bima Brebes, Biru Lancor, Saptosari, and Filipin) were analyzed the volatile component profiles using Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME)-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GCMS). The GCMS analysis detected 104 types of volatile compounds in which the major volatile compounds were disulfides, sulfur-containing, thiophenes, and diverse functional groups. The most abundant volatile compound groups in the Bima Brebes variety were sulfur-containing compounds (40.61%), followed by diverse functional groups (28.43%) and disulfide (17.51%). In the Biru Lancor variety, the major volatile compounds were disulfide (44.68%), followed by sulfur-containing (30.90%) and thiophenes (8.80%). The most abundant volatile groups in the Saptosari variety were sulfur-containing (57.06%), followed by disulfide (22.68%) and thiophenes (9.19%). In the Filipin variety, the major volatile compound groups were disulfide (53.80%), followed by thiophenes (15.70%), and sulfur-containing (10.55%). The most abundant volatile compounds in all shallots volatiles were dipropyl disulfide, 1-methylethyl propyl disulfide, (E)-1-(prop-1-en-1-yl)-2-propyldisulfane, and propyl mercaptan.

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Gc-MS Profiling of Volatile Compounds From Fifteen Different Varieties of Indonesian Shallot Grown in Tidal Swampland

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Quantitative Analysis of Pharmaceutical Emerging Contaminants in Water and Fish Samples of River Kaduna

Quantitative Analysis of Pharmaceutical Emerging Contaminants in Water and Fish Samples of River Kaduna

Variability and relationship of six Indonesian shallots (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum) cultivars based on amino acid profiles and fried shallot’s sensory characteristics

Volatile compounds profile of some Indonesian shallot varieties

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