[APPLICATION OF LEAF FERTILIZER TO INCREASE THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF BAWANG DAYAK (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr)]. Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr) is a potential medicinal plant and required improved growth and yield through the application of appropriate fertilizers. This study aimed to increase the growth and yield of bawang Dayak by determining the optimum concentration and time interval of foliar fertilizer application. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design factorial. The first factor was the concentration of foliar fertilizer, consisting of 0,1, 2, and 3 g/L. The second factor was interval application of foliar fertilizer, consisting of every day, every 3 days, every 6 days, and every 9 days. The results showed that bawang Dayak did not show a significant response to foliar fertilizers. However, there was an interaction between the concentration and interval of foliar fertilizer application which had a significantly different effect on plant height. The highest plant height occurred at intervals of 3-day foliar fertilizer application with a concentration of 3 g/L. The concentration of foliar fertilizer had a significant effect on the variables of plant height, bulb fresh weight, as well as the bulb numbers. All concentrations of foliar fertilizer (0-3 g/L), and time intervals of foliar fertilizer application (1-9 days) affected the same growth and yield response of Bawang Dayak.

In this study, fifteen commercial varieties of Indonesian shallot (Allium cepa L.) grown in tidal swamp land were analyzed for Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS) profiling of volatile compounds. A total of 64 volatiles were identified in fifteen varieties of Indonesian shallot. The cycloartenol was identified containing a major compound in all shallot varieties. Multivariate data analysis revealed that (23S)-ethylcholest-5-en-3-β-ol, obtusifoliol, pentacosane, furfural, cholesterol, 23 S/R-methylcholesterol, 9, 17-octadecadienal, 1-nonadecene, 14-methylergost-8-en-3-ol, 14α-methyl-δ8-ergostenol, ergost-5-en-3-ol, octacosane, and docosane contributed the most to classification of different Indonesian shallot varieties. This work provides the complete map of volatiles compound in Indonesian shallot that grown in tidal swampland, with Manjung variety exhibiting the most distinct volatile compounds among studied shallot varieties. The 1-((dicyclohexylphosphorothioyl) methyl) piperidine, volatile sulfurcontaining compounds, was indeed the major component of Majung variety.

Curcumin is a chemical found in the Curcuma xanthorrhiza rhizome that has a variety of pharmacological properties. However, it is unknown whether the extraction conditions have a significant effect on the extracted curcumin from C. xanthorrhiza. In this research, the effects of extraction conditions (i.e., particle size, extraction solvents, and extraction methods) on curcumin content from C. xanthorrhiza rhizome were studied by doing a meta-analysis. An article search was performed in ScienceDirect, Garuda Portal, Google Scholar, and the IPB Repository database. Research data produced during the identification and selection phases were then classified, processed, and entered into the metaanalysis statistical program and then analyzed. The maximum curcumin was obtained using extraction conditions with n-hexane as a solvent, 100 mesh for particle size, and Soxhlet for the extraction method. Particle size and extraction method correlate and influence curcumin content; however, solvent extraction does not. This review will highlight how the effectiveness of the extraction of curcumin compounds from C. xanthorrhiza rhizome so that it can be used for extraction at the industrial level.