Gel-free/label-free proteomic, photosynthetic, and biochemical analysis of cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) resistance against Cowpea severe mosaic virus (CPSMV)

What proteomics can reveal about plant–virus interactions? Photosynthesis-related proteins on the spotlight

“…Nevertheless, the mechanism by which viruses can interfere in chlorophyll metabolism remains elusive. Furthermore, during infection, viruses can negatively affect several important chloroplast functions such as electron transfer reactions, chlorophyll metabolism, autonomous chloroplast protein synthesis, CO 2 fixation reactions and chlorophyll metabolism, all potentially involved in symptom development (Liu et al 2014; Neilson et al 2013; Souza et al 2017; Varela et al 2017; Zhao et al 2016 ).…”

“…The use of integrative “omics” approaches has allowed the simultaneous analysis of several processes that plant cells employ in order to avoid or minimize the establishment of disease and has allowed a glimpse of the metabolic processes targeted by viruses. Proteomics is a powerful technique to identify massive changes in the cellular proteins and has been used to study the biochemical mechanisms involved in plant–virus interactions (Kundu et al 2011, 2013; Mehta et al 2008; Paiva et al 2016; Varela et al 2017; Zhong et al 2017). Recent advances in mass spectrometry (MS), genomics and bioinformatics have also contributed to our understanding of plant–virus interactions.…”

“…Other technologies such as gel-free and label-free approaches in tandem with MS analysis have provided critical information on the differential expression of thousands of proteins (Quirino et al 2010). Combined, these approaches are a valuable tool in the identification of proteins differentially expressed during viral infection, enabling hypothesis-driven studies on plant–virus interactions (Beltran et al 2017; Kundu et al 2011, 2013; Lodha et al 2013; Paiva et al 2016; Quirino et al 2010; Toby et al 2016; Varela et al 2017).…”

Next generation sequencing and proteomics in plant virology: how is Colombia doing?

“…In plant virology, as described above, it should be taken into account that viruses encode small proteomes (1-2500 proteins) and that the proteomes of viruses and plants are determined by the virus-host protein interaction, wherein the virus focuses on ensuring its infective replication and the plant focuses on blocking the virus infection. Plant responses to virus infections are speedy, and a drastic change in the protein accumulation is triggered in the whole plant, this protein accumulation provides the crucial clues to understand the plant-virus interaction and the resistance mechanisms to the virus infection (Kundu et al, 2013;Varela et al, 2017;Souza et al, 2019). On the other hand, leaves are a principal organ for studying plant-virus interactions, because these generally exhibit necrotic patches or morphological variations that allows to visually detect the first infection symptoms (Di Carli et al, 2010;Kundu et al, 2013;Varela et al, 2017;Souza et al, 2019).…”

“…Plant responses to virus infections are speedy, and a drastic change in the protein accumulation is triggered in the whole plant, this protein accumulation provides the crucial clues to understand the plant-virus interaction and the resistance mechanisms to the virus infection (Kundu et al, 2013;Varela et al, 2017;Souza et al, 2019). On the other hand, leaves are a principal organ for studying plant-virus interactions, because these generally exhibit necrotic patches or morphological variations that allows to visually detect the first infection symptoms (Di Carli et al, 2010;Kundu et al, 2013;Varela et al, 2017;Souza et al, 2019). However, not always symptoms are evident, what makes then even more necessary the implementation of reliable and specific techniques, such as proteomics to assess the protein levels and interactions under such conditions (Mochida and Shinozaki, 2011;Mosa et al, 2017).…”