SUMMARY:We evaluated the seroprevalence of vaccine-preventable infectious diseases among Japanese healthcare students to create immunization guidelines. Between 2007 and 2012, a total of 1746 Japanese medical, nursing, and paramedical students were serologically screened for measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) antibodies at the time of admission. In 2007, the seroprevalence of measles and mumps was 52.7z and 65.6z, respectively. The seroprevalence of measles dramatically increased to 96.6z in 2009 and was then sustained at À90z. The seroprevalence of mumps gradually increased to À80.0z between 2010 and 2012. The seroprevalence of rubella remained at À90z except in 2008 (85.6z), and the seroprevalence of varicella was sustained at À92z throughout 2007-2012. The seroprevalence of HBV antibody remained at º7z during 2007-2012. Although the seroprevalence of vaccine-preventable infectious diseases among Japanese healthcare students increased during the 2007-2012 study period, a substantial number of students were susceptible to vaccine-preventable infectious diseases. Therefore, we propose targeted immunization of Japanese healthcare students using serological screening prior to clinical training.