Gelation kinetics and characterization of enzymatically enhanced fish scale gelatin–pectin coacervate

Abstract

FSG and HMP could form soluble coacervate, and MTGase could improve the thermal and mechanical properties of coacervate gels. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

Comparison of gelling properties and flow behaviors of microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) and pectin modified fish gelatin

“…Confocal microscopy could be used to visualize the effect of MTGase and pectin concentration on the microstructure of fish gelatin gels, as presented in Figure . The stained protein gel network with Nile red was visible as bright areas while the nonprotein phases were visible as dark areas (Huang et al, ). Compared with control, the formation of lager size of bright gelatin aggregates could be observed with MTGase, suggesting that the formation of dense gels network.…”

“…Gelatin gel color was measured using a Hunter lab color meter (Color Reader, CR‐10, Japan) based on three color co‐ordinates, namely L * (lightness), a * (redness/greenness), and b * (yellowness/blueness), based on previous study (Huang et al, ).…”

“…Gelatin gel color was measured using a Hunter lab color meter (Color Reader, CR-10, Japan) based on three color co-ordinates, namely L* (lightness), a* (redness/greenness), and b* (yellowness/blueness), based on previous study (Huang et al, 2018b Cross were used to calculate the flow behavior index and consistency coefficient of the fish gelatin solution.…”

“…Gelatin, being low in calories, is widely used in food, photographic, cosmetic, biomedical, pharmaceutical, and neutraceutical industries (Al‐Kahtani et al, ; Kumar, Chandra, Elavarasan, & Shamasundar, ; Sha et al, ; Yu et al, ). It has been reported that the global demand for gelatin is expected to reach 450.7 kt in 2018 (Huang et al, ), with around 98.5% is extracted from mammalian sources including pig skins, bovine hides, and beef bones, etc. (Huang et al, ).…”

“…Giving these deficits, attempts have been made to improve fish gelatin gelling properties. Like, enzyme catalyze (Bode, da Silva, Drake, Ross-Murphy, & Dreiss, 2011;Huang et al, 2018b;Wangtueai, Noomhorm, & Regenstein, 2010), chemical agents crosslinking (Bi et al, 2011;Biscarat, Galea, Sanchez, & Pochat-Bohatier, 2015;Cui, Jia, Guo, Liu, & Zhu, 2014;Huang et al, 2018a), physical treatments (Otoni et al, 2012;Sung & Chen, 2014), as well as the addition of polysaccharides (Farris et al, 2011;Fonkwe, Narsimhan, & Cha, 2003;Petcharat & Benjakul, 2017;Sinthusamran et al, 2018;Sow, Kong, & Yang, 2018b). Among them, MTGase catalysis and the addition of polysaccharides showed excellent superiority in terms of faster crosslinking rates, lower price, and nontoxicity.…”