Gender and handedness differences in mirror-tracing random forms

O’Boyle, Michael W.; Hoff, Edward J.

doi:10.1016/0028-3932(87)90102-3

Cited by 73 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Comparing the results of the tests with the gender of the students, women performed the indirect vision tests better than men. Several authors have noted this superiority of woman in tracing shapes with indirect vision (29, 30). The difference seemingly lies in the capacity of women to analyse and solve the problem inversion of vision‐motor clues, a fact that can be attributed to the particular spatial representation and the brain operation of each sex (30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appraisal of psychomotor skills of dental students at University Complutense of Madrid

Andrés

Sánchez

Hidalgo

et al. 2004

Eur J Dental Education

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychomotor skills of the dental students at University Complutense of Madrid (UCM), using a battery of psychometric tests. The sample comprised 306 students of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th years of Odontology, who, during the last month of the academic term, took the test on rotation of solid shapes, the Embedded Figures test in its group form (GEFT), the O'Connor Tweezer test, the MacQuarrie test for mechanical ability and the indirect vision test. Before these tests began, some personal data of all students were collected. The results showed some statistically significant correlation between several personal variables (sex, manual dominance and previous skills) and performance in the psychometric tests, although no significant relation was found between these variables and the students' academic qualifications. When comparisons were made between the psychomotor tests and the academic results of the students, significant differences appeared in the tracing and dotting subtests of the MacQuarrie test, whereby those students with higher practical qualifications reached the best punctuation. In the O'Connor Tweezer test, the students who obtained the worst results were those with lower qualifications. These data could serve to detect at an early stage those students who need greater educational support. No relation was found between the GEFT and the indirect vision test.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appraisal of psychomotor skills of dental students at University Complutense of Madrid

Andrés

Sánchez

Hidalgo

et al. 2004

Eur J Dental Education

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“…Male advantages on cognitive tasks include those that require trans¬ formations in visual spatial working memory, spatiotemporal responding, motor skills in¬ volved in aiming, and fluid reasoning in ab¬ stract mathematical and scientific domains. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Explanations of gender-related cognitive differences Gender differences in cognitive functioning may be related to environmental or socio-cul¬ tural factors.23'24 Performance factors such as test-taking styles may also explain cognitive gender differences. 25 Despite these influences there is compelling evidence that basic biolog¬ ical differences related to differential hormonal environments of men and women also con¬ tribute to cognitive differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Issues in the Use of Virtual Environments

Larson

Rizzo²,

Buckwalter³

et al. 1999

CyberPsychology & Behavior

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Gender differences in cognitive and behavioral performance have been reported throughout the psychological literature. Consequently, gender differences should be considered and controlled for when cognitive research is conducted in virtual environments (VEs). These variables may include gender-related differences in cognitive performance, susceptibility for cybersickness, and the impact of sex hormones on cognition. Such issues are addressed in the context of a recent VE study of the visuospatial ability referred to as mental rotation. The Mental Rotation Test (MRT), a paper and pencil measure, has been shown to produce one of the largest gender differences in the cognitive literature. The outcomes of the MRT are in favor of males. However, results reported from a Virtual Reality Spatial Rotation (VRSR) test demonstrate no gender differences when subjects were able to manually manipulate the stimuli in a VE. Further analysis uncovers gender differences in the patterns of associations between verbal and spatial tasks and performance on VRSR. Results are discussed in terms of dimensionality factors and hemispheric lateralization.

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“…Four groups of students were used who trained in different ways using curved T HE ACQUISITION of new motor and dexterity skills is performed on the basis of others that already exist. However, when the visual-motor clues are reversed by altering sensory feedback, specular vision may constitute a completely new learning phenomenon (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1892 Henri (1) designed a subsequently altered specular drawing test which has provided a widely used exercise for training in the acquisition of psychomotor skills with indirect vision. These exercises have been used in disciplines such as psychology (10), medical-surgical specialties (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) and odontostomatology (9,12,13). Motor perceptive and spatial skill tests have been used by some dental schools as a method to select candidates to predict their performance in Odontologic studies (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of a preclinical training system with indirect vision for dental education

Díaz

Sánchez

Hidalgo

et al. 2001

Eur J Dental Education

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The aim of the present study is the evaluation of a pre-clinical training system using indirect vision for dental education purposes. The study population was undergraduate dental students between the ages of 18-20, at the beginning of their first dental course. From a total of 105 students, those presenting some condition that would have had influence on their manual skills and those who for some circumstance left the study after beginning it were excluded, resulting in 69 students (51 female and 18 male) taking part in the study. The study design involved two sessions separated by a 7-day interval in which the students used a reflection box to develop psychomotor skills in mirror use. In every session they performed an initial evaluation test, some training exercises and a final evaluation test. The evaluation tests and the training exercises consisted in following a curved, straight or convoluted shape in the reflection box. Four groups of students were used who trained in different ways using curved or straight lines. Evaluation of the tests was based on the number of errors made and the time to completion. All students showed an improvement in their performance of following curved and straight lines with indirect vision after this form of training. The results after the first training session were statistically significant, while the further improvement was not significant after the 2nd training session. Those students who trained first with curved lines and later with straight lines produced more errors than the other groups. Female students performed better than male students in this assessment.

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Gender and handedness differences in mirror-tracing random forms

Cited by 73 publications

References 16 publications

Appraisal of psychomotor skills of dental students at University Complutense of Madrid

Appraisal of psychomotor skills of dental students at University Complutense of Madrid

Gender Issues in the Use of Virtual Environments

Assessment of a preclinical training system with indirect vision for dental education

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