Gender and Health: The Effects of Constrained Choices and Social Policies

Bird, Chloe E.; Rieker, Patricia P.

doi:10.7249/cb412

Cited by 202 publications

(242 citation statements)

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“…Work on the integration of sex/gender provides one noteworthy example. Scholarship in this vein includes Fausto-Sterling’s dynamic systems theory [40–42], Bekker’s Multi-Facet Gender and Health Model [43], Bird and Rieker’s ‘constrained choices’ multi-level model [44], and Annandale’s ‘new single system’ [45]. Guidelines for applying these concepts to health research have also been developed [17,46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The odd couple: using biomedical and intersectional approaches to address health inequities

Hankivsky

Doyal

Einstein

et al. 2017

Global Health Action

103

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Background: Better understanding and addressing health inequities is a growing global priority. Objective: In this paper, we contribute to the literature examining complex relationships between biological and social dimensions in the field of health inequalities. Specifically, we explore the potential of intersectionality to advance current approaches to socio-biological entwinements. Design: We provide a brief overview of current approaches to combining both biological and social factors in a single study, and then investigate the contributions of an intersectional framework to such work. Results: We offer a number of concrete examples of how intersectionality has been used empirically to bring both biological and social factors together in the areas of HIV, post-traumatic stress disorder, female genital circumcision/mutilation/cutting, and cardiovascular disease. Conclusion: We argue that an intersectional approach can further research that integrates biological and social aspects of human lives and human health and ultimately generate better and more precise evidence for effective policies and practices aimed at tackling health inequities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The odd couple: using biomedical and intersectional approaches to address health inequities

Hankivsky

Doyal

Einstein

et al. 2017

Global Health Action

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This continues despite conclusions about the most promising candidate genes for major diseases often being specific to men or women 6 , and evidence of substantial and enduring gender differences in morbidity and mortality 7 . The term "sex," used frequently in G×E research, has historically referred to biological and physical characteristics that have a genetic basis in sex chromosomes.…”

Section: Why Gender?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, there is some evidence that men are more resilient to environmental stressors than women because they are socialised to capitalise on heritable psychosocial resources like active coping, mastery and selfesteem 26 . Conversely, women exhibit a stronger propensity to seek both informal social support and health services in response to stress 7 . These gender differences in reactivity likely moderate genetically-influenced pathways linking stressful life events to physical and mental illness 26 .…”

Section: All Authors Contributed To Conception and Design Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, men and women may be systematically subjected to distinct environmental risk and protective factors. For example, men and women are exposed to different levels and types of environmental toxins due to gender differences in occupations and household division of labour 7 . Also, there are gender disparities in exposure to chronic strain and traumatic life events that interact with genetic risk factors in disease pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…stress associated with the unequal division of household labour among married couples 14 ), and social policies (e.g. inadequate parental leave that disrupts women's career trajectories and lifetime earnings 7 ) that differentially structure men's and women's access to health-promoting resources and exposure to risk factors. Gender shapes virtually all health outcomes, working through innumerable more proximal pathways that may be biological, psychological or behavioural in nature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Where is the gender in behaviour genetics? The need for social epidemiology in research on gene-environment interactions

Perry¹

2013

OA Genetics

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IntroductionDespite evidence of pervasive gender differences in morbidity and mortality, as well as gender-specific genetic association in some diseases, research on candidate gene-environment interaction is rarely informed by social science perspectives on gender and health. Omitting basic theories of gender stratification from the study of social-environmental moderation of genetics may contribute to problems with replication and falsepositive results in G×E research. This paper discusses the need for theories of gender and social inequality in research on gene-environment interactions in behaviour genetics. Discussion A framework for studying gender-moderated G×E effects (i.e. G×E×Gender) is advocated. As G×E may be conditioned on gender or other social statuses associated with systematic inequalities in risks and resources, modelling interactions between genotype and oneproximal indicator of the social environment is overly simplistic. Gender can moderate G×E through at least three pathways: (1) By stratifying men and women into different environments; (2) by differentially shaping the experiences of men and women in similar environments; and (3) by influencing distinct biological, psychological or behavioural responses to similar experiences. The importance

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Associations of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Depressive Symptoms Over Time: Are There Differences by Education, Race/Ethnicity, and Gender?

McQuillan

Andersen

Berdahl

et al. 2022

Arthritis Care & Research

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Objective. To examine associations between changes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) symptoms and depressive symptoms adjusted for other time-varying characteristics, and to test if these associations differed by education, race/ethnicity, or gender.Methods. Data from the 1988-1998 US National Rheumatoid Arthritis Study were analyzed (n = 854). Time-varying covariates included year of the study, pain, functional ability, household work disability, parental status, marital status, employment status, and social support. The time-invariant covariates included years since diagnosis, education, race/ ethnicity, and gender. Multivariate multilevel-model analyses were used to estimate associations within people over time.Results. Patients with RA experience considerable change in depressive symptoms, pain, functional disability, and household work disability over the study period. Depressive symptoms were driven more by differences between people compared to changes within people over time. Findings show that patients experienced increases in depressive symptoms over the study period. The rate of change in depressive symptoms did not differ by education, race/ethnicity, or gender. Times of worse pain, functional disability, and household disability were associated with worse depressive symptoms. The association of functional disability and depressive symptoms was stronger for men than women.Conclusion. Increases in pain and disability were associated with worse depressive symptoms, adjusted for covariates. It is important to monitor and treat both mental and physical health symptoms. Future research efforts should focus on collecting data reflecting the educational, gender, and racial/ethnic diversity of individuals with RA.

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Gender and Health: The Effects of Constrained Choices and Social Policies

Cited by 202 publications

References 0 publications

The odd couple: using biomedical and intersectional approaches to address health inequities

The odd couple: using biomedical and intersectional approaches to address health inequities

Where is the gender in behaviour genetics? The need for social epidemiology in research on gene-environment interactions

Associations of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Depressive Symptoms Over Time: Are There Differences by Education, Race/Ethnicity, and Gender?

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