Gender and Time Differences in the Associations Between Sexual Violence Victimization, Health Outcomes, and Risk Behaviors

Choudhary, Ekta; Coben, Jeffrey H.; Bossarte, Robert M.

doi:10.1177/1557988307313819

Cited by 39 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Demographic variables included the following: age (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49), and ‡50 years); race (white vs. other); education (less than HS, HS diploma, General Educational Development (GED), and >high school diploma); marital status (married, divorced or separated, widowed, never been married, and living with a partner); annual household income; number and age of people living at residence of participant; and health insurance (private, government assisted, or none). In addition, the following measures were collected and/or variables derived.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 Adult sexual and intimate partner violence exposure is also associated with smoking, along with other risk factors for smoking, including lower socioeconomic position, younger age, and increased depression. [30][31][32][33] In the United States, current or past intimate partner violence exposure is associated with elevated odds for smoking, 28,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] with current smoking odds 2.1 times that of nonexposed women. 38,41 Multiple instances of physical and sexual abuse by a partner further accentuates this risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk Factors for Smoking in Rural Women: The Role of Gender-Based Sexual and Intimate Partner Violence

Nemeth

Bonomi

Lü

et al. 2016

Journal of Women's Health

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Background: Women living in Ohio Appalachia experience cervical cancer at disproportionately high rates. Intimate partner and sexual gender-based violence (GBV) and smoking are independent risk factors for cervical cancer and interact to heighten risk. Appalachian women smoke at higher rates than other Ohio women, but little is known about GBV exposure in the region. The purpose of this study was to establish prevalence of women's exposure to GBV in Ohio Appalachia and examine the association between GBV and smoking among women in the region. Methods: A two-phase address-based random sampling approach was used in three purposefully selected Ohio Appalachian counties to identify women to complete an interviewer administered cross-sectional survey (n = 398). The primary exposure variable was GBV Index Score, a 4 level indices representing increasing exposure to eight abuse types. Correlation analysis and logistic regression were used to examine smoking correlations and risk. Results: Almost 57% of women in the three selected Ohio Appalachian counties experienced GBV, with rate increasing to 77.5% among current smokers. The distribution of the GBV Exposure Index Score was significantly different across smoking status ( p < = 0.0001), with exposure of GBV increasing when moving from never, to former, to current smokers. When controlling for depression, age, and adult socioeconomic position, GBV Exposure Index was significantly associated with current smoking behavior (OR:1.62, 95% CI [1.21-2.17]). Discussion: Professionals working to reduce disparate disease burden among women in Ohio Appalachia should consider the role GBV plays in health behavior and behavioral change interventions, including smoking and smoking cessation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Smoking in Rural Women: The Role of Gender-Based Sexual and Intimate Partner Violence

Nemeth

Bonomi

Lü

et al. 2016

Journal of Women's Health

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“…Recent research has focused on the high prevalence of health problems of survivors of sexual abuse including headache, gastrointestinal, gynecological, and panic-related symptoms [25]. Women have been shown to have poorer health, poorer mental health, lower life satisfaction, activity limitations, increased rates of smoking and binge drinking and males have increased rates of smoking, poorer life satisfaction and activity limitations [26]. Females and males with childhood sexual abuse have greater medical illness burden, worse physical function and greater body pain [27].…”

Section: Psychopathology In Survivorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Meaning of Sexual Abuse

Goldner-Vukov¹,

Moore²

2011

J Psychol Psychother

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IntroductionSexual abuse is a pervasive problem in psychiatry. Clinicians are in a position to understand sexual abuse on the level of the individual, the family and society and to provide leadership and support for organized social action to address it.Childhood sexual abuse is a subtype of physical abuse defined as sexual contact between an adult and a child under the age of 18 years of age in which the child is used for sexual gratification. A parental figure who allows sexual contact with a child is also a sexual offender [1]. Sexual violence toward adults includes sexual molestation, rape by strangers, date rape, rape in marriage and rape during war.One out of three to one out of five females are sexually abused in population studies [2,3]. One out of seven [2] to one out of seventeen [3] males are sexually abused in childhood. Groups that are targeted for sexual violence are those perceived as weak, unprotected and marginalised including children, women and homosexual men and in war those on the losing side [2].The prevalence of childhood sexual abuse in psychiatric inpatient units is between 43% [3] to 54% [2]. The corresponding prevalence in males is 26% [2] to 25% [3]. It is estimated that the prevalence of rape in adults is 25% in females, 11.8 % in homosexual men and 4.9% in heterosexual males [4]. Research has shown that 64% of sexual offenders of female children are male parental figures and 18% are male relatives. 9% are family friends. 80 % of sexual abuse occurs within the family [5]. Babysitters and others more frequently sexually abuse male children (38%), while fathers and stepfathers are the perpetrators 30% of the time, mothers 18%, sisters 8% and stepmothers 6% of the time.[6]. AetiologySexual abuse is an act of aggression and if it is not actually followed by beating and murder, it nevertheless implies the threat of death [7]. The abuser exploits the victim for sexual gratification but the sexual violence is primarily an act of dominance, terror, revenge and humiliation. Sexual violence is not fixed in our biological nature, but is the result of social processes that create us. It is a cultural product [8].

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“…Sexual assault can lead to physical injury, sexually transmitted infections, and unplanned pregnancy as well as anxiety, depression, and other mental health problems (Choudhary et al, 2008). Sexual assaults that follow alcohol use (e.g., IR) are associated with significant emotional distress (Brown et al, 2009) and can lead female victims to blame themselves and to feel stigmatized by peers (Littleton et al, 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Precollege Predictors of Incapacitated Rape Among Female Students in Their First Year of College

Carey

Durney

Shepardson

et al. 2015

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective:The first year of college is an important transitional period for young adults; it is also a period associated with elevated risk of incapacitated rape (IR) for female students. The goal of this study was to identify prospective risk factors associated with experiencing attempted or completed IR during the first year of college. Method: Using a prospective cohort design, we recruited 483 incoming first-year female students. Participants completed a baseline survey and three follow-up surveys over the next year. At baseline, we assessed precollege alcohol use, marijuana use, sexual behavior, and, for the subset of sexually experienced participants, sex-related alcohol expectancies. At the baseline and all follow-ups, we assessed sexual victimization. Results: Approximately 1 in 6 women (18%) reported IR before entering college, and 15% reported IR during their first year of college. In bivariate analyses, precollege IR history, precollege heavy episodic drinking, number of precollege sexual partners, and sex-related alcohol expectancies (enhancement and disinhibition) predicted first-year IR. In multivariate analyses with the entire sample, only precollege IR (odds ratio = 4.98, p < .001) remained a significant predictor. However, among the subset of sexually experienced participants, both enhancement expectancies and precollege IR predicted IR during the study year. Conclusions: IR during the first year of college is independently associated with a history of IR and with expectancies about alcohol's enhancement of sexual experience. Alcohol expectancies are a modifiable risk factor that may be a promising target for prevention efforts. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 76, 829-837, 2015)

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Gender and Time Differences in the Associations Between Sexual Violence Victimization, Health Outcomes, and Risk Behaviors

Cited by 39 publications

References 15 publications

Risk Factors for Smoking in Rural Women: The Role of Gender-Based Sexual and Intimate Partner Violence

Risk Factors for Smoking in Rural Women: The Role of Gender-Based Sexual and Intimate Partner Violence

The Meaning of Sexual Abuse

Precollege Predictors of Incapacitated Rape Among Female Students in Their First Year of College

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