Gender, ethnic, and national earnings gaps in Israel: The role of rising inequality

Haberfeld, Yitchak; Cohen, Yinon

doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2006.02.001

Cited by 96 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…For Western men and Eastern women, the unexplained part was around two thirds of the gap throughout the entire period. Haberfeld and Cohen (2007) extend the scope of this research to a longer period, 1975-2001, and include Arab men in their analysis. They focus on the changes in real wages and find that over that period, the real wages of Western men rose the most -by over 150%.…”

Section: 2previous Empirical Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the two state solution). Secondly, Israel is an ethnically diverse country with a high level of 'horizontal' inequality among groups, and most importantly between Jews and Arabs (Haberfeld and Cohen, 2007). Polarization has led to persistent residential segregation of Israeli Arabs and Israeli Jews, allowing us to analyze the economic effects of voter preferences at the municipal level, separately for both Arab and Jewish parties.…”

Section: 3why Israelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include: successive waves of mass immigration, the weakening of the labor unions, globalization, the emergence of high-paying jobs in technology-related sectors, the Second Intifada, and waves of privatization and economic reforms (Haberfeld and Cohen, 2007). This high rate of inequality gives rise to considerable social gaps, including, but not limited to, the gender wage gap, a sizeable urban-rural wage gap and a substantial amount of wage inequality across localities.…”

Section: 3why Israelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Voting patterns and the gender wage gap

Adnan

Miaari

2018

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in Voting Patterns and the Gender Wage Gap JANUARY 2018Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and not those of IZA. Research published in this series may include views on policy, but IZA takes no institutional policy positions. The IZA research network is committed to the IZA Guiding Principles of Research Integrity. The IZA Institute of Labor Economics is an independent economic research institute that conducts research in labor economics and offers evidence-based policy advice on labor market issues. Supported by the Deutsche Post Foundation, IZA runs the world's largest network of economists, whose research aims to provide answers to the global labor market challenges of our time. Our key objective is to build bridges between academic research, policymakers and society. IZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. Voting Patterns and the Gender Wage GapStriving for gender equality presents major challenges but the benefits are vast, ranging from reduced conflict, both within and between communities, to higher economic growth.Unfortunately Importantly, we find strong evidence of an association between a higher share of votes allocated to nationalist parties, in a given locality, and a larger, (adjusted), gender wage gap for both Jewish-Israelis and Arab-Israelis. JEL Classification:J21, J31, J61, J45, C14, C24 NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARYOur main results examine the effect of voter preferences, at the locality level, on wages and the gender wage gap for Jewish and Arab Israelis. Jewish and Arab political parties were categorized based on the language used in party platforms: Category 1 parties prioritize gender equity in many spheres, Category 2 parties focus on a nationalistic agenda and references to women's rights are largely limited to human rights, whereas Category 3 parties do not mention women in their platforms. A high share of Category 1 voters in a given locality is associated with both a sizeable premium and a gender-wage gap that increases at higher points of the wage distribution. Furthermore, the premium is reduced and the gender gap is eliminated when characteristics such as education and industry are accounted for. Localities with a high percentage of Category 3 voters earn the lowest wages, but with the except...

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Section: 2previous Empirical Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 3why Israelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 3why Israelmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Voting patterns and the gender wage gap

Adnan

Miaari

2018

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

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“…Recent studies indicate a gradual convergence in the ethnicity-based educational attainment gap in Israel over time, as measured mainly by mean years of schooling and the share of group members holding a bachelor's degree (Friedlander et al, 2002;Haberfeld and Cohen, 2007;Okun and Friedlander, 2005). Yet, the ethnic gaps in annual earnings among male bachelor's degree holders in Israel widened (Cohen and Haberfeld, 1998;Haberfeld and Cohen, 2007). For example, while the ratio of the percentage of native-born Mizrachi men with a bachelor's degree to their Ashkenazi counterparts climbed steeply between 1992 and 2001 (from .25 to .45), the respective ratio of monthly earnings rose only slightly, from .64 to .68 .…”

Section: The Economic and Educational Gaps In Israeli Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

Field of study variation throughout the college pipeline and its effect on the earnings gap: Differences between ethnic and immigrant groups in Israel

Alon

2015

Social Science Research

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“…The Arab community is largely an underprivileged minority with a history of disadvantage in income, education and employment. To some extent, the Arabs in Israel suffer from prejudice and discrimination, and it has been suggested that discrimination plays a part in the income disparities between Arabs and Jews (Bushman and Bonacci, 2004;Haberfeld and Cohen, 2007;Okun andFriedlander, 2005 andWolkinson, 1999).…”

Section: The Israeli Arabs Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%