Gender Identification by Cloacoscopy and Cystoscopy in Juvenile Chelonians

Silvestre, Albert Martı́nez; Bargalló, Ferran; Grifols, Jordi

doi:10.1016/j.cvex.2015.04.009

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Loggerhead sea turtles have two small accessory bladders connected directly to the urinary bladder; each of these accessory bladders are located lateral to the neck of the urinary bladder (Wyneken 2001). In contrast to the published results of studies dealing with cloacoscopy in terrapins (Emys trinacris and Trachemys scipta elegans) (Jekl et al 2007;Spadola and Insacco 2009;Martínez-Silvestre et al 2015), it was not possible to reach or observe the accessory bladder in the 31 adult loggerhead sea turtles in our study.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Sex determination in juvenile sea turtles is a major challenge (Wibbels et al 1987;Wibbels 2003;Xia et al 2011). A widely used method of sex determination in chelonians is coelioscopy (Hernandez-Divers et al 2009;Martínez-Silvestre et al 2015), which is a mini-invasive method but cloacoscopy could be an even less invasive method for this purpose. Cloacoscopy performed in this study could provide the necessary or additional information to confirm the sex of juvenile sea turtles but it cannot be considered an accurate method such as direct gonads visualization (coelioscopy).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Description of cloacoscopy in the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta)

et al. 2016

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The aim of the study was to describe cloacoscopy in the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) and to evaluate its efficacy in clinical practice. Cloacoscopy was performed on 31 turtles, 23 females and 8 males. Thirty minutes before anaesthesia, meloxicam (0.4 mg/kg) was administered intramuscularly. Turtles were anaesthetised with a combination of 0.04 mg/kg dexmedetomidine and 4 mg/kg ketamine administered intramuscularly. Cloacoscopy was performed with a diagnostic telescope (10 mm diameter, 30 cm long, 0°, with an operating sheath) or with a flexible colonoscope (13 mm diameter, 160 cm long). Turtles were placed in dorsal recumbence and endoscope was inserted through the vent. In the distal part of the proctodeum, phallus or clitoris were easily visualized. A finger and thumb were placed around the vent to act as a valve in order to control the fluid infusion. Flushing the cloaca with warm saline and 0.6% lidocaine allowed clear view. The urethral orifice was located centrally within the urogenital sinus. Further proximally, the slit of the urodeum with the distal sphincter of the colon could be visualized. Passing gently through the urethral orifice allowed direct visualization of the urinary bladder. After withdrawing and re-directing the endoscope into the coprodeum, the terminal part of the intestine was reached. From 31 loggerhead turtles examined, fishing lines were found in 23 animals. Cloacoscopy proved to be a feasible diagnostic method and it is suggested as a routine diagnostic tool for clinical assessment of loggerhead turtle patients.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Description of cloacoscopy in the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta)

et al. 2016

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“…O diagnóstico de prolapso peniano no paciente deste relato foi através do exame físico, entretanto a cloacoscopia e cistoscopia são técnicas sofisticadas que vem sendo utilizado para detecção de distúrbios reprodutivos em testudines (MARTÍNEZ-SILVESTRE et al, 2015).…”

Section: Resultados E Discussõesunclassified

PENECTOMIA TOTAL EM Geochelone carbonaria (SPIX, 1824) - RELATO DE CASO

Oliveira¹,

Melo²,

Silva³

et al. 2015

Enciclopédia Biosfera

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RESUMOO jabuti-piranga (Geochelone carbonaria Spix, 1824) é um testudine terrestre, pertencente à família Testudinidae, o qual encontra-se distribuído em países tropicais como o Brasil, Equador, Guianas, Paraguai, Venezuela e algumas ilhas do Caribe. No Brasil, G. carbonaria é considerada uma das principais espécies de jabutis constituintes da fauna brasileira. Neste estudo, um G. carbonária foi diagnosticado com prolapso peniano, esta alteração patológica vem sendo observada com maior frequência em clínicas veterinárias que atendem animais silvestres, provenientes de cativeiros. Muitos pesquisadores atribuem o surgimento do prolapso peniano em testudines, ao manejo inadequado aos quais estes animais são submetidos. O animal foi contido fisicamente e assim, procedido o exame físico, sendo observado prolapso peniano, com inflamação, escoriações e falta de retração peniana, além de alteração de cor e odor fétido. Em seguida o animal foi encaminhado ao centro cirúrgico para realização da penectomia. O animal foi reavaliado ao 15° dia pós-cirurgia, sendo relatado pelo proprietário que o jabuti estava se alimentando normalmente, além de não ter sido observado recidiva. Embora, recidivas possam ocorrer em alguns casos, o paciente deste relato obteve melhora clínica, sendo essa conduta eficaz para esta afecção. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: jabuti-piranga, prolapso, pênis TOTAL PENECTOMY IN Geochelone carbonaria (Spix, 1842) -CASE REPORT ABSTRACTRed-footed-tortoise (Geochelone carbonaria Spix, 1824) is a terrestrial testudine, belonging to the family Testudinidae, which is distributed in tropical countries such as Brazil, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Venezuela and some Caribbean islands. In Brazil, G. carbonaria is considered one of the main species of tortoises constituents of Brazilian fauna. In this study, a G. carbonaria was diagnosed with penile prolapse, this pathological change has been observed more frequently in veterinary clinics that attend wild animals from captivity. Many researchers attribute the rise of penile prolapse in testudines, and improper management to which these animals are

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“…The reliability of this method, however, has not been established. Cloacoscopy has been effective in Alligator Snapping Turtles, as well as other species, and though there are some size limitations, it may prove a viable option for the field (Ligon et al 2014, Martínez-Silvestre et al 2015, Spadola and Insacco 2009). Although unlikely to be performed in the field, surgical laparoscopy and visualization of the gonads could be used to ascertain sex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining Sexual Size Dimorphism in an Alligator Snapping Turtle (Macrochelys temminckii) Population in Southwest Georgia: Use of Morphometrics, Ultrasonography, and Testosterone

Rostal

Teare

Marley

et al. 2023

Southeastern Naturalist

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We studied the determination of sex for intermediate size classes and adult sexual dimorphism in a Georgia population of Macrochelys temminckii (Alligator Snapping Turtle). We sexed turtles when possible based on size and morphometrics. We took blood samples from captured individuals and measured plasma testosterone using enzyme-linked immunoassay. We examined females and individuals for which sex was unknown using ultrasound to determine sex and reproductive status. We used testosterone concentration to confirm individual sex assignments. For all biometric measurements, adult males were larger than females. Testosterone concentrations were higher in adult and subadult males than in females. Head width did not differ between the sexes when adjusted for body size. Plastron-to-vent length (cm) and testosterone concentrations were significantly greater in adult and subadult male turtles compared to females and were valuable in determining sex of smaller adults >25 cm straight-midline carapace length.

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Gender Identification by Cloacoscopy and Cystoscopy in Juvenile Chelonians

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

Description of cloacoscopy in the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta)

Description of cloacoscopy in the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta)

PENECTOMIA TOTAL EM Geochelone carbonaria (SPIX, 1824) - RELATO DE CASO

Determining Sexual Size Dimorphism in an Alligator Snapping Turtle (Macrochelys temminckii) Population in Southwest Georgia: Use of Morphometrics, Ultrasonography, and Testosterone

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