Gender, local governance and non timber forest products. The use and management of Satureja macrostema in Oaxaca's central valleys, Mexico

Vázquez-García, Verónica; Ortega-Ortega, Tomás

doi:10.1016/j.wsif.2016.08.003

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Within the community, women negotiated the use of communal land by showing ethical commitment to community well-being. The use of medicinal plants is negotiated with communal authorities and landowners, such as in other communities where male-dominated local institutions defined the access, use, and control over natural resources, making women's use more expensive or inaccessible (Vázquez-García and Ortega-Ortega, 2016). Albeit national policy considered women's efforts in sustainability, it has a limited scope due to its short-term perspective.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead of focusing exclusively on natural resources as the base of capital accumulation, the Manzanas cooperative members use biophysical resources governed by social and moral commitments to preserve human and non-human communities. The medicinal plant gathering practices of the Manzanas cooperative are related to the subsistence ethic observable in other Mexican cases (Vázquez-García and Ortega-Ortega, 2016). Care as a process lens illuminated the reciprocity forms performed by community members as care receiving who acknowledge the efforts of members of the women's cooperative and support them in response-supplemented by the social commons such as unpaid communal labor and other local cooperatives.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Collective Rural Women Access, Use, and Control Over Communal Land in Mexico: A Post-capitalist Feminist Political Ecology Approach

Alarcón

Gómez

2021

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Rural women's access to land is fundamental for their individual and household well-being, equity, and empowerment. In Mexico, the agrarian reform of 1992 and customary gendered rights shaped land use, access, and control. Rural women's access to collective land is relevant since social property—ejido and agrarian communities—represents 52% of the national territory. As an expression of the collective organization, commons were also performed to use and control communal land and biophysical resources collectively. This paper examines the collective peasant women's bargaining process to access, use, and control communal land. The post-capitalist feminist political ecology approach allowed us to distinguish and analyze gendered strategies employed by a cooperative led by women at different levels—household, community, and government—to access and use communal land and biophysical resources by the process of commons—commoning. Rural women's collective efforts are located in Hidalgo, central Mexico. Firstly, the Agrarian Reform modifications related to gender equality issues are investigated, followed by examining rural women's socioeconomic conditions. The case study permitted us to identify and analyze critical factors that enhanced long-term agreements to control communal land beyond the Agrarian Law scope by the commoning examination. The collective rural women's strategies to use communal land improved well-being based on gendered peasant knowledge, organization, and stakeholder support. Nevertheless, the strategies increased women's burden and reinforced the existing gendered norms such as female altruism. Furthermore, the need to discuss the bargaining process over communal land concerning a diversity of commons is argued: knowledge, social, and biophysical, in which gender and care are critical variables.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collective Rural Women Access, Use, and Control Over Communal Land in Mexico: A Post-capitalist Feminist Political Ecology Approach

Alarcón

Gómez

2021

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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“…However, it does not guarantee that they are officially registered under their given name (Dewi et al 2020). As a result, women have significantly less access to control land resources than men (Agarwal 2009;Vázquez-García and Ortega-Ortega 2017). The loss of women's participation in activities and management demands research on women's participation in institutions and forest management, which is still limited.…”

Section: Gender Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness and Institutional Conditions in Social Forestry Program: Case Study of Forest Village Community Institution (LMDH) Sumber Makmur, Forest Management Unit (KPH) Malang

2022

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Changes in the Social Forestry or Perhutanan Sosial (PS) scheme have been made by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia, particularly in the state-owned forestry enterprise (Perhutani) working area. A forestry partnership is one of the schemes being developed to replace the previous scheme, Community Forest Management (PHBM). However, increased PS area permits are not always accompanied by increased farmer trust and understanding of the program. This study aimed to determine the institution’s effectiveness and institutional condition in the era of PS policy, which is currently a government priority program. One of the community groups granted a management permit is the Forest Village Community Institution (LMDH) Sumber Makmur, located in the Forest Management Unit (KPH) Malang. This study was conducted from December 2020 to March 2021 using a qualitative descriptive method as in-depth interviews and questionnaires with assessment indicators. Respondents were chosen randomly from the entire population using the Slovin formula. The results showed that the institutional effectiveness of LMDH Sumber Makmur still tended to decrease. The confidence level of farmers in the PS program was only around 28.9%, and the level of understanding was 26.7%. The results also showed a low percentage value of farmer participation, external support, the availability of facilities, and gender perspective. Consequently, the government needs to monitor institutions and community groups running PS programs to see institutional developments in each location. Institutional development is essential as an entrance for people to manage forests independently. Keywords: Forest Village Community Institution, institutional conditions, institutional effectiveness, social forestry

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“…In Oaxaca, also in Mexico, resource extraction from common lands is justifiable merely for subsistence purposes, which in the case of women only applies to widows who must maintain young children. In other words, married women cannot use resources from common lands because their husbands are expected to provide for them (Vázquez-García and Ortega Ortega, 2017).…”

Section: Theoretical Approach: Green Grabbing From a Gender And Intersectional Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Gender Dynamics of Green Grabbing and Ejido Privatization in Zacatecas, Mexico

Vázquez-García

Sosa-Capistrán

2021

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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The ejido is the most important form of collectively owned property in Mexico; approximately half of the country's territory belongs to ejidatarios of whom women make up roughly 20%. Recent legal reforms aimed at privatizing the ejido are forcing ejidatarios/as to sell or rent their lands to corporations seeking to invest in oil, mining, and energy production. This paper examines the gender impacts of land privatization for renewable energy generation in two ejidos of Zacatecas, Mexico: El Orito and Benito Juárez. The first agreed to rent their lands to a private company while the other did not. Results show that land rentals benefitted a handful of ejidatarios, while the people affected the most include male stone miners, ejidatarias who were excluded from decision-making, and women who obtain food and fuel from ejido common lands. Benito Juárez served as a good point of comparison because its common lands were not privatized, and people continue to use them in traditional ways. However, people in Benito Juárez also hold different bundles of rights to common lands based on gender, economic status and age. The paper calls for a gender and intersectional approach to continue examining the differentiated impacts of ejido privatization in Mexico.

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Gender, local governance and non timber forest products. The use and management of Satureja macrostema in Oaxaca's central valleys, Mexico

Cited by 22 publications

References 21 publications

Collective Rural Women Access, Use, and Control Over Communal Land in Mexico: A Post-capitalist Feminist Political Ecology Approach

Collective Rural Women Access, Use, and Control Over Communal Land in Mexico: A Post-capitalist Feminist Political Ecology Approach

Effectiveness and Institutional Conditions in Social Forestry Program: Case Study of Forest Village Community Institution (LMDH) Sumber Makmur, Forest Management Unit (KPH) Malang

Examining the Gender Dynamics of Green Grabbing and Ejido Privatization in Zacatecas, Mexico

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