Gender quotas on boards of directors

Smith, Nina

doi:10.15185/izawol.7

Cited by 40 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Our findings reveal the French firms are characterized by a more active monitoring role for female directors in a mandatory context. This finding runs counter to the findings of Choudhury () and Smith () that mandatory reforms are likely to promote female tokenism on boards. To assess statistically the changing pattern of female directorships, we carried out a Mann–Kendall non‐parametric test for trend analysis.…”

Section: Data Analysis and Resultscontrasting

confidence: 93%

“…In June 2012, the European Commission's Network to Promote Women in Decision‐Making in Politics and the Economy highlighted the importance of using women's talents in politics and the corporate world for enhancing competitiveness, dealing with economic crises, and shaping a sustainable future for Europe. Disappointed by the slow advancement of women in the top tiers, the European Commission issued a Directive that urged listed companies to increase the representation of women in boardrooms to 30% by 2015 and 40% by 2020, with the further aim of making this proposal a mandatory quota (Leszczyńska, ; Smith, ).…”

Section: International Board Gender Diversity Reformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a well-documented fact that men are dominant in boardrooms around the globe and women are under-represented compared to their proportion in the workforce (Dale-Olsen, Schøne, & Verner, 2013;Leszczyńska, 2018;Mateos de Cabo, Terjesen, Escot, & Gimeno, 2019;Piscopo & Clark Muntean, 2018;Smith, 2018;Teigen, 2012). The idea of increasing the representation of women on corporate boards has gained considerable ground in the last decade.…”

Section: International Board Gender Diversity Reformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The idea of increasing the representation of women on corporate boards has gained considerable ground in the last decade. In particular, the belief that women are not suitable for occupying key positions has been extensively criticized (Nekhili, Chakroun, & Chtioui, 2018 (Leszczyńska, 2018;Smith, 2018).…”

Section: International Board Gender Diversity Reformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender‐diverse boards and audit fees: What difference does gender quota legislation make?

Nekhili

Gull

Chtioui

et al. 2019

Business Fin & Account

137

135

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We investigate the effect of board (audit committee) gender diversity on audit fees in the French context. We also examine whether the relationship between the proportion of female directors and audit fees is moderated by the enactment of the gender quota law in 2011. We use the system GMM estimation approach on a matched sample of French firms listed in the SBF 120 index between 2002 and 2017. Consistent with the supply‐side perspective, we contend that female independent directors and female audit committee members, by improving board monitoring effectiveness, affect the auditor's assessment of audit risk, resulting in lower audit fees. Our findings also document that, by breaking the glass ceiling, the effectiveness of the gender quota law lies not in increasing the proportion of female insider directors, but in boosting the appointment of female independent directors and female audit committee members. Using the difference‐in‐difference approach, our results reveal that female independent directors and female audit committee members are more willing to assert their monitoring skills after the quota law, leading to lower audit fees. Moving beyond tokenism, we show that, after the quota law, the negative impact on non‐audit fees is strengthened only for female independent directors.

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Section: Data Analysis and Resultscontrasting

confidence: 93%

Section: International Board Gender Diversity Reformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: International Board Gender Diversity Reformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: International Board Gender Diversity Reformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Gender‐diverse boards and audit fees: What difference does gender quota legislation make?

Nekhili

Gull

Chtioui

et al. 2019

Business Fin & Account

137

135

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Female representation grew by almost 4 percentage points at firms listed in Canada's TSX Composite index and by 2.4 percentage points at U.S. S&P 500 companies (http://www.issgovernance.com/library/gender-diversity-boards-review-global-trends/). Regulators' efforts in this area are rather heterogeneous and range from issuing non-binding recommendations for quotas, e.g., in the U.S., UK and Australia, to fixed and legally binding quotas, e.g., in Norway and, most recently, Germany (Smith, 2014;Ahern & Dittmar, 2012).…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Board Gender Diversity and Dimensions of Corporate Social Responsibility

Kaspereit¹,

Lopatta²,

Matolcsy³

2016

JMS

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This study investigates the association between board gender diversity and various dimensions of CSR. We develop a theoretical framework, where specific dimensions of CSR have various predicted associations with board gender diversity. Our empirical results show that board gender diversity has an impact on the following CSR dimensions: community, diversity, employees, and environment. Our findings support the notion that women exhibit more communal traits, demand more CSR information before they take investment decisions, and are more concerned about stakeholders than their male counterparts. Our results also contribute to the current "push" for greater gender diversity of boards by regulators and policy makers, as we demonstrate some of the benefits associated with board gender diversity.

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Board diversity and corporate innovation: Evidence from Chinese listed firms

2021

Int. J Fin Econ

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This study examines the association between board diversity, measured in both demographic characteristics (i.e., gender and age) and cognitive characteristics (i.e., educational background, expertise, tenure and breadth of board experience), and corporate innovation. Using a sample of Chinese listed firms and fixed-effect models, we find that cognitive diversity, especially in attributes of educational background and expertise, is positively associated with corporate innovation. This is predominantly due to the incremental diversity added by executive directors and depends on demographic diversity. We further find that hi-tech talent introduction and incentive are two channels through which board diversity affects corporate innovation. The results are robust to the use of alternative measures of corporate innovation, two stage-least square models by employing two demand-based instrumental variables for board diversity, and normalized diversity indexes.

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Gender quotas on boards of directors

Cited by 40 publications

References 8 publications

Gender‐diverse boards and audit fees: What difference does gender quota legislation make?

Gender‐diverse boards and audit fees: What difference does gender quota legislation make?

Board Gender Diversity and Dimensions of Corporate Social Responsibility

Board diversity and corporate innovation: Evidence from Chinese listed firms

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