Gender-Specific Design and Effectiveness of Non-Pharmacological Interventions against Cognitive Decline – Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Zülke, Andrea; Riedel-Heller, S; Wittmann, Felix; Pabst, Alexander; Röhr, Susanne; Luppa, Melanie

doi:10.14283/jpad.2022.80

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Some previous research has reported cognitive-related sex differences. Evidence from trials also showed sex- and/or gender-specific responses to lifestyle interventions for preventing cognitive decline, possibly due to differences in brain structure, hormones (sex) and social factors (gender) . Olive oil intake may be protective of dementia and related mortality, particularly in women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence from trials also showed sex- and/or gender-specific responses to lifestyle interventions for preventing cognitive decline, possibly due to differences in brain structure, hormones (sex) and social factors (gender). 31 Olive oil intake may be protective of dementia and related mortality, particularly in women. Nonetheless, we did not observe significant heterogeneity or interaction of cohort by olive oil intake on the risk of fatal dementia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consumption of Olive Oil and Diet Quality and Risk of Dementia-Related Death

Tessier,

Cortese,

Yuan

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceAge-standardized dementia mortality rates are on the rise. Whether long-term consumption of olive oil and diet quality are associated with dementia-related death is unknown.ObjectiveTo examine the association of olive oil intake with the subsequent risk of dementia-related death and assess the joint association with diet quality and substitution for other fats.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective cohort study examined data from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS; 1990-2018) and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS; 1990-2018). The population included women from the NHS and men from the HPFS who were free of cardiovascular disease and cancer at baseline. Data were analyzed from May 2022 to July 2023.ExposuresOlive oil intake was assessed every 4 years using a food frequency questionnaire and categorized as (1) never or less than once per month, (2) greater than 0 to less than or equal to 4.5 g/d, (3) greater than 4.5 g/d to less than or equal to 7 g/d, and (4) greater than 7 g/d. Diet quality was based on the Alternative Healthy Eating Index and Mediterranean Diet score.Main Outcome and MeasureDementia death was ascertained from death records. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regressions were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs adjusted for confounders including genetic, sociodemographic, and lifestyle factors.ResultsOf 92 383 participants, 60 582 (65.6%) were women and the mean (SD) age was 56.4 (8.0) years. During 28 years of follow-up (2 183 095 person-years), 4751 dementia-related deaths occurred. Individuals who were homozygous for the apolipoprotein ε4 (APOE ε4) allele were 5 to 9 times more likely to die with dementia. Consuming at least 7 g/d of olive oil was associated with a 28% lower risk of dementia-related death (adjusted pooled HR, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.64-0.81]) compared with never or rarely consuming olive oil (P for trend &lt; .001); results were consistent after further adjustment for APOE ε4. No interaction by diet quality scores was found. In modeled substitution analyses, replacing 5 g/d of margarine and mayonnaise with the equivalent amount of olive oil was associated with an 8% (95% CI, 4%-12%) to 14% (95% CI, 7%-20%) lower risk of dementia mortality. Substitutions for other vegetable oils or butter were not significant.Conclusions and RelevanceIn US adults, higher olive oil intake was associated with a lower risk of dementia-related mortality, irrespective of diet quality. Beyond heart health, the findings extend the current dietary recommendations of choosing olive oil and other vegetable oils for cognitive-related health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of Olive Oil and Diet Quality and Risk of Dementia-Related Death

Tessier,

Cortese,

Yuan

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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“…These results support evidence from previous research on the social environment and engagement as important aspects of aging [ 21 , 22 , 23 ], but especially, what we want to mention here, as an aspect of lifestyle changes. Enhancement of social activity was targeted only in a limited number of trials so far [ 14 ]. It can thus be suggested, that social aspects such as environment, activity and engagement could be crucial adjuncts in interventions to enforce a change in lifestyles as they are a key modifiable factor regarding cognitive performance [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, these points were only mentioned by female participants. This fact might be explained by education and occupational history differences [ 14 ]. The observable gap between gender and socioeconomic status and resources is important and should thus be considered in lifestyle changes and lifestyle interventions since it might affect seizing health-beneficial offers (as far as not included in interventions).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, when stratifying by gender the included studies indicated a positive effect of lifestyle on cognitive functions only in women. However, there is a lack of studies for male participants or trials reporting gender-stratified results [ 14 ]. Reviewing physical activity interventions, Barha and colleagues reported higher benefits for women than men in executive processes and greater benefits of aerobic training than other exercises [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beneficial and Impeding Factors for the Implementation of Health-Promoting Lifestyle Interventions—A Gender-Specific Focus Group Study

Wittmann

Zülke

Schultz

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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(1) Background: The prevalence of dementia increases and so does the number of interventions that address modifiable risk factors for dementia. Recent evidence suggests that there are gender differences in the prevalence of those lifestyle factors as well as in the effectiveness of interventions. This study aims to identify differences in factors that benefit or hinder the effectiveness of interventions since a target group’s perspective gets more relevant. (2) Methods: Two focus groups, a female (n = 11) and a male (n = 8) group, were interviewed, audio recorded and transcribed. Qualitative analyses were performed and main- and subcategories were identified. (3) Results: Main differences were observed including aspects of lifestyle changes (e.g., respective diet and importance of an active lifestyle) and gender-typical behavior and perception by relevant healthcare actors. (4) Conclusions: Identified differences might help to address and raise the efficiency of lifestyle interventions. Further, the importance of social aspects and retirement as an auspicious moment to start interventions were identified as relevant by study participants.

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Exploring the health benefits of a mobile-based multidomain lifestyle program for older adults living in assisted living facilities

Kim,

Ory

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Cognitive decline stands as a significant factor contributing to disability and dependency among older adults. Multi-domain lifestyle (MDL) interventions are widely recognized for their effectiveness in preserving cognitive functioning in older adults with dementia. However, little is known about MDL interventions using technology-based approaches in older adults residing in assisted living facilities. This qualitative study aims to explore the benefits of a mobile-based multidomain application, the Silvia Program, in enhancing the cognitive functioning of residents in assisted living facilities. Methods We conducted semi-structured, in-depth interviews to capture the health-related benefits and perspectives of the Silvia Program after a 12-week period. Ten participants (70% female; age range 66–93), all at risk of dementia (with MoCA scores between 18 and 25), were recruited from two local community assisted living facilities in the Midwestern area. Five steps of high-quality analysis of interview transcript was conducted. Results We identified three salient themes resulting from Silvia Program participation: (a) Cognitive benefits, (b) psychological wellbeing, (c) Health-related behavior management, (d) Technology anxiety, and (e) Content issues. Discussion The present study provides suggestive evidence for an overall positive effect of the use of the Silvia Program on the cognitive functioning among residents in ALFs. Practical implications and further discussion are addressed in this paper.

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Gender-Specific Design and Effectiveness of Non-Pharmacological Interventions against Cognitive Decline – Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Consumption of Olive Oil and Diet Quality and Risk of Dementia-Related Death

Consumption of Olive Oil and Diet Quality and Risk of Dementia-Related Death

Beneficial and Impeding Factors for the Implementation of Health-Promoting Lifestyle Interventions—A Gender-Specific Focus Group Study

Exploring the health benefits of a mobile-based multidomain lifestyle program for older adults living in assisted living facilities

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