Gender-specific models of homosexual prejudice: Religiosity, authoritarianism, and gender roles.

Abstract

Utilizing moderated hierarchical multiple regression analyses, the researchers examined the relative roles of right wing authoritarianism (RWA), religious fundamentalism (RF), general religiosity, sex, gender role traits, and self-discrepancy along gender role traits in predicting multiple dimensions of prejudice toward homosexuals. The goal was to identify gender-specific correlates of homosexual prejudice. Findings revealed that RWA exhibited a consistently positive relationship with prejudice, which along the Condemnation-Tolerance dimension of prejudice was stronger for men. Also, RF's and general religiosity's relationship with prejudice was consistently fully mediated by the presence of RWA. Gender roles were inconsistently correlated with dimensions of prejudice, and the interaction of masculine gender roles and perceived self-discrepancy from gender roles was only significant in predicting the Condemnation-Tolerance homosexual prejudice scale. Lastly, for females, general religiosity was a significant positive predictor for only the Condemnation-Tolerance and Neutral Contact Apprehension homosexual prejudice scales. Implications are reviewed related to authoritarianism as a universal correlate of homosexual prejudice, RF's and RWA's distinctiveness, perceived self-discrepancy from masculine gender roles as a male-specific correlate of homosexual prejudice, and general religiosity as a female-specific correlate.

EAS Temperament Traits, Gender, Age and Religious Fundamentalism in a Polish Sample

“…The trait of anxiety is a significant predictor of religious fundamentalism (Jakubowska & Oniszczenko, 2010). The significant relationship between religious fundamentalism and right-wing authoritarianism and prejudice (McCleary et al, 2011;Stefurak, Taylor, & Mehta, 2010;Vincent, Parrott, & Peterson, 2011) supports the connection between anxiety and religious fundamentalism. Saroglou's (2002) meta-analysis showed a relationship between religious fundamentalism and agreeableness, openness to experience and neuroticism, which constitute three of the factors of the five-factor model of personality.…”

“…Religious fundamentalism is also reversely correlated with intelligence and education (Lewis, Ritchie, & Bates, 2011). No differences between men and women have been found for religious fundamentalism (Carlucci et al, 2011;Helm, Berecz, & Nelson, 2001;Lewis et al, 2011;Stefurak et al, 2010) although women scored higher on other dimensions of religiousness (Lewis et al, 2011;Nagoshi et al, 2088;Stefurak et al, 2010;Village, 2011).…”

Gender, Race, and College Major: Do They Predict Modern Racism?

“…For example, in the United States, 2008 presidential campaign in the United States had the potential to have two unknown possibilities: a White female or a Black male for the presidential nomination. Apparently, the less risky unknown was to nominate a Black male as opposed to a White female (Brinkman & Rickard, 2009;Brinkman, Garcia, & Rickard, 2011;Garcia-Retamero & Lόpez-Zafra, 2006;Lehman, 2012;Leppel, 2001;Nadal, Davidoff, Davis, Wong, Marshall, & McKenzie, 2015;Stefurak, Taylor, & Mehta, 2010). ISSN 2329-9150 2016 …”

Social Norms and Egalitarian Values Mitigate Authoritarian Intolerance Toward Sexual Minorities

“…Given what we know about authoritarian intolerance, it might seem unlikely that authoritarians would become accepting of sexual minorities and endorse pro-gay rights positions. One consistent finding in authoritarian research, thus far, is that authoritarians exhibit considerable prejudice toward sexual minorities (Altemeyer, 1996;Brandt & Reyna, 2014;Crawford, Brandt, Inbar, & Mallinas, 2015;Laythe, Finkel, & Kirkpatrick, 2002;Whitley & Lee, 2000;Wylie & Forest, 1992), especially authoritarian men (Stefurak, Taylor, & Mehta, 2010). A plausible reason for this long-standing and persistent antipathy is that, historically, sexual minorities have been marginalized and stigmatized in U.S. society (Herek, 2004;Herek & McLemore, 2013).…”

“…Another factor is the well-established relationship between authoritarianism, religious fundamentalism, and sexual prejudice (e.g., Altemeyer & Hunsberger, 2005;McCleary, Quillivan, Foster, & Williams, 2011). One clear finding in this literature is that authoritarianism is a powerful mediator of the fundamentalism-sexual prejudice relationship (e.g., Brandt & Reyna, 2014;Hall, Matz, & Wood, 2010;Rowatt, Shen, LaBouff, & Gonzalez, 2013;Stefurak et al, 2010).…”