GENE DIVERSITY AND GENETIC STRUCTURE IN A NARROW ENDEMIC, TORREY PINE (<i>PINUS TORREYANA</i>PARRY EX CARR.)

Ledig, F. Thomas; Conkle, M. Thompson

doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1983.tb05515.x

Cited by 143 publications

(95 citation statements)

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“…Consistent with this trend, another conifer, Pinus radiata D. Don (Pinaceae) has insular populations on both Guadalupe Island and Cedros Island in Baja California with lower levels of genetic diversity, smaller effective population sizes, and higher rates of inbreeding than disjunct continental populations in California [35]. Farther north, populations of Pinus torreyana Parry ex Carrière are genetically depauperate on both the mainland near San Diego and on Santa Rosa Island [36]–[37]. In contrast, Callitropsis guadalupensis has appreciable plastid DNA variation and shows no evidence of a founder effect or of a population bottleneck.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Plastid DNA Diversity Is Higher in the Island Endemic Guadalupe Cypress than in the Continental Tecate Cypress

Escobar

Gernandt

Garcillán³

2011

PLoS ONE

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Background Callitropsis guadalupensis (Guadalupe cypress) is endemic to Guadalupe Island, Mexico, where it is the dominant species of the only forest. The species has suffered declining numbers following the introduction of goats to the island over 150 years ago. Callitropsis guadalupensis is closely related to Callitropsis forbesii (Tecate cypress), distributed in small isolated populations in mainland Baja California and southern California. The objective of the present study was to compare the genetic diversity of the island endemic to the continental species.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe measured genetic diversity in Callitropsis guadalupensis (n = 54) from Guadalupe Island and in Callitropsis forbesii (n = 100) from five populations in mainland Baja California. The plastid DNA trnS-trnG spacer and the trnL-trnF region were chosen for characterization. Thirty-four haplotypes were observed, of which six were shared between both species. One of these haplotypes was also shared with three other species, Callitropsis lusitanica, Callitropsis montana, and Callitropsis stephensonii. Haplotype diversity (h) and nucleotide diversity (π) were significantly higher for Callitropsis guadalupensis (h = 0.698, π = 0.00071) than for Callitropsis forbesii (h = 0.337, π = 0.00024).Conclusions/Significance Callitropsis guadalupensis shows no evidence of a founder effect or of a genetic bottleneck, and can be added to a growing list of insular species with higher genetic diversity than their mainland relatives.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Plastid DNA Diversity Is Higher in the Island Endemic Guadalupe Cypress than in the Continental Tecate Cypress

Escobar

Gernandt

Garcillán³

2011

PLoS ONE

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“…Species with high levels of genetic diversity included Alseis blackiana (Hamrick and Loveless 1989) Picea glauca (Tremblay and Simon 1989), Robinia pseudoacacia (Surles et al 1989) and Pinus syZvestris (Kinloch et al 1986). Species with exceptionally low levels of diversity were Acacia mangium (Moran et al 1989), Pinus resinosa (Simon et al 1986), Pinus torreyana (Ledig and Conkle 1983) and Populus balsamea (Farmer et al 1988). Within population genetic diversity ranged from 0.00 to 0.35 (see examples above).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within population genetic diversity ranged from 0.00 to 0.35 (see examples above). Genetic diversity among populations nearly covered the possible range with some species having almost no variation among populations (e.g., Acer saccharum (Perry and Knowles 1989) and Pinus banksiana (Dancik and Yeh 1983) to a few having fifty percent or more of their genetic diversity at polymorphic loci among populations (e.g., Acacia mangium (Moran et al 1989) and Pinus torreyana (Ledig and Conkle 1983). Most of this heterogeneity is at the species level as much less heterogeneity in these parameters is seen among genera (Table 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A graphic example is provided by the pines. Pine species that are distributed as scattered isolated populations have more genetic diversity among populations (e.g., P. torreyana (G,, = 1.00, Ledig and Conkle 1983); P. halepensis (G,, = 0.30, Scheller et al 1985) and P. muricutu (G,, = 0.20, Millar 1983)) while more widespread and continuously distributed pines have less among-population diversity (e.g., P. banksiana (G,, = 0.030, Dancik and Yeh 1983) P. contorta (G,, = 0.036, Wheeler and Guries 1982) and P. ponderosa (G,, = 0.015, Hamricket al 1989)). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors influencing levels of genetic diversity in woody plant species

1992

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Knowledge of the life history and ecological characteristics of woody plant species allow predictions of the level and distribution of genetic diversity within and among populations. Generalizations developed from such analyses can be used to develop sampling strategies for the preservation of genetic diversity.Abstract.The plant allozyme literature was reviewed to: (1) compare genetic diversity in long-lived woody species with species representing other life forms, and (2) to investigate whether the levels and distribution of genetic diversity in woody species are related to life history and ecological characteristics. Data from 322 woody taxa were used to measure genetic diversity within species, and within and among populations of species. Woody species maintain more variation within species and within populations than species with other life forms but have less variation among populations. Woody species with large geographic ranges, outcrossing breeding systems, and wind or animal-ingested seed dispersal have more genetic diversity within species and populations but less variation among populations than woody species with other combinations of traits. Although life history and ecological traits explain a significant proportion (34%) of the variation among species for the genetic parameters measured, a large proportion of the interspecific variation is unexplained. The specific evolutionary history of each species must play an important role in determining the level and distribution of genetic diversity.

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“…Narrowly distributed species had significantly lower levels of diversity than more widely distributed species in Astragalus (Karron, 1987;Karron et al, 1988), Echinacea (Baskauf, McCauley, and Eickmeier, 1994), Leavenworthia (Solbrig, 1972), and Lu inus (Babbel and Selander, 1974). The narrow endemic, Pinus torreyana, had no variation among 59 loci within two populations and between the populations alleles at only five loci differed (Ledig and Conkle, 1983); a past bottleneck has been hypothesized for the species. Sullivantia, a rare saxifrage, varies at two of ten loci but only in two of 29 populations (Soltis, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Genetic Variation in Populations of the Arctic Perennial Pedicularis dasyantha (Scrophulariaceae), on Svalbard, Norway

Odasz¹,

Savolainen²

1996

American Journal of Botany

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.Isozyme variability was examined in 13 geographically isolated populations of the endemic arctic hairy lousewort (Pedicularis dasyantha) in the Svalbard Archipelago, 800 N latitude, Norway. Of the 23 enzyme systems screened on five buffer systems 18 were interpretable. Of the 31 reliable loci, only 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-Pgd), was polymorphic. However, no heterozygotes were detected. Frequencies for allele 1 among the populations varied from 1.00 in the north to 0.00 in the south and 0.53 in the central "overlap" region. At the species level the mean number of alleles per locus (A) was 1.03. Percentage of polymorphic loci (P) was 3%. Expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.016. At the population level the mean number of alleles per locus was 1.01, and 1.1% of the loci were polymorphic. He was 0.004. These values are low compared to endemic, widespread, selfing, and outcrossed species. Flower color morphs were distinct. They varied within and among the 13 populations. The frequency of color morphs coincided with allele frequencies of 6-PGD: allele 1 was found in dark purple morphs, and allele 2 was found in light morphs. This species shows more isozyme genetic variability than the five other species reported in the genus but generally less variation than other species with limited regional distributions. Low-level genetic variation in this diploid species may be a result of colonization events coupled with genetic drift, founder effects, and strong natural selection. Additional factors include the self-compatible reproductive system and the long-lived perennial habit.

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GENE DIVERSITY AND GENETIC STRUCTURE IN A NARROW ENDEMIC, TORREY PINE (PINUS TORREYANAPARRY EX CARR.)

Cited by 143 publications

References 19 publications

Plastid DNA Diversity Is Higher in the Island Endemic Guadalupe Cypress than in the Continental Tecate Cypress

Plastid DNA Diversity Is Higher in the Island Endemic Guadalupe Cypress than in the Continental Tecate Cypress

Factors influencing levels of genetic diversity in woody plant species

Genetic Variation in Populations of the Arctic Perennial Pedicularis dasyantha (Scrophulariaceae), on Svalbard, Norway

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