Gene Expression Comparison Between the Primary Tumor and its Lymph Node Metastasis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Pilot Study

Abstract

Background/Aim: In metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) the metastatic tumor does not always keep the same gene expression profile as the parental tumor, which may influence the course of the disease. The aim of this study was to compare the expression of genes implicated in HNSCC carcinogenesis between the primary tumor and the corresponding lymph node metastasis. Materials and Methods: Eighteen HNSCC, their corresponding node metastases and non-neoplastic tissues were studied by RT-qPCR for the expression of EGFR, VEGF, claudin7, maspin, survivin and SCCA. The levels of expression were correlated with histological characteristics and patients' prognosis. Results: All genes except for survivin displayed different expression in node metastasis compared to the primary tumor. The expression of EGFR, survivin, maspin, and claudin7 in node metastasis and SSCA in the primary tumor affected the prognosis. SCCA expression is associated with the expression of claudin7 and maspin. P16-positive tumors expressed low levels of VEGF and SCCA, while keratinizing tumors over-expressed VEGF. Conclusion: Differential gene expression levels in node metastases compared to the primary tumor is linked to the prognosis of HNSCC patients. The histological/immunohisto-chemical characteristics of the tumor are associated with these genes expression changes.

Changes in Tracheal Respiratory Mucosa After Thyroidectomy: A Rat Model

“…The fascias of the neck consist of connective tissue and constitute a potential space containing interstitial fluid, most of which merge into lymphatic flow (27). Deep cervical fascias comprise the superficial, middle, and deep layers.…”

Genomic and neoantigen evolution from primary tumor to first metastases in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

“…However, the clones which escape immunoediting are the source of cancer cell persistence, relapse, and metastasis. Multiple studies have characterized changes in mutation burden in HNSCC [21][22][23][24], when comparing primary and metastatic tumors, no studies have characterized the shifting neoantigen burden between primary and metastatic tumors within HNSCC. In this study, we characterized the mutational and neoantigen burden between primary and first recurrence tumors in 23 patients with HNSCC.…”

Proteome Analyses Reveal S100A11, S100P, and RBM25 Are Tumor Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer

“…[15,23,25] Both S100A11 and S100P are calcium-binding intracellular regulatory proteins of the S100 family. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] S100A11 has been reported to be overexpressed in cancer types including breast, prostate, non-small cell lung, and colorectal cancer, and its upregulation was mostly associated with tumor progression. [28][29][30] Similarly, the overexpression of S100P correlates with proliferation, tumorigenesis regulation, invasion, metastasis, and cancer cell motility.…”

“…[13] On this basis, proteomic analyses have been applied to CRC in order identify diagnostic biomarkers and new therapeutic targets. [12,17,18] Previous proteomic analyses of CRC have variously defined differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) associated with the advancement of CRC, [1,2,6,12] with one study analyzing a single case of primary colon cancer and its synchronous liver metastasis. [6] Notwithstanding the findings of such studies, more work is still required to provide candidate CRC biomarkers as well as gaining better insights into its tumorigenesis.…”