Gene Flow Among Three Races of European Corn Borers (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in New York State

Glover, Thomas J.; Knodel, Janet J.; Robbins, Paul S.; Eckenrode, C. J.; Roelofs, Wendell L.

doi:10.1093/ee/20.5.1356

Cited by 54 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As with the pheromone races, they likely have unique evolutionary trajectories and should not be ignored. In our research, since uni-and bivoltine Z-race ECB are known to exist sympatrically in New York (Glover et al 1991), d…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Managing resistance to Bt crops in a genetically variable insect herbivore, Ostrinia nubilalis

O’Rourke

Sappington

Fleischer

2010

Ecological Applications

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Abstract. To slow the resistance evolution of the European corn borer (ECB) to Cry proteins expressed in transgenic Bacillus thuringensis (Bt) corn, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has adopted an insect resistance management (IRM) plan that relies on a ''high dose/refuge'' strategy. However, this IRM plan does not consider possible ecological differences between the two ECB pheromone races (E and Z). Using carbon isotope analysis, we found that unstructured (non-corn) refuges contribute more to E race (18%) than to Z race (4%) populations of ECB in upstate New York (USA). Furthermore, feeding on non-corn hosts is associated with decreased body mass and reduced fecundity. We also show that the geographic range of E-race ECB is restricted within the range of the Z race and that E-race ECB are increasingly dominant in regions with increasing noncorn habitat. While the proportion of E-race ECB developing in unstructured refuges is higher than previously assumed, low rates of unstructured refuge use by the Z race, evidence for reduced fecundity when reared on non-corn hosts, and complete sympatry within the E race range all argue against a relaxation of current IRM refuge standards in corn based on alternative-host use. We also discuss implications of this research for integrated pest management in vegetables and IRM in Bt cotton.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Managing resistance to Bt crops in a genetically variable insect herbivore, Ostrinia nubilalis

O’Rourke

Sappington

Fleischer

2010

Ecological Applications

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“…In the field, these races occasionally mate, and hybrids are produced. Hybrid females produce intermediate blend ratios of approximately 35:65 Z/E (Roelofs et al 1985;Glover et al 1991), and hybrid male moths preferentially fly to blends of the E/Z isomers in the flight tunnel, although more hybrid males of either E×Z or Z×E crosses fly to the Z blend alone than to the E blend alone. Despite of the fact that natural hybridization between the E and Z pheromone races is well documented in the field, an in-depth genetic analysis of sex pheromone production and perception in this species predicts that no self-sustaining population of hybrids can exist (Roelofs et al 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Evidence for Three Pheromone Races of the Scarab Beetle Phyllophaga anxia (LeConte)

et al. 2008

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This study offers experimental evidence for the existence of three pheromone races of the northern genitalic form of Phyllophaga anxia: one race in which females produce and males respond mainly to L-valine methyl ester, a second producing and responding to L-isoleucine methyl ester, and a third producing and responding to an intermediate range of blends of the two compounds. At Franklinville, NY, pheromone gland contents of females were analyzed using coupled gas chromatography-electroantennogram detection. Two types of females were found, one that produced greater than 99% L-valine methyl ester and another that produced greater than 99% Lisoleucine methyl ester. Capture-mark-release-recapture field tests with males at Franklinville established that most males were recaptured in traps baited with the same blends with which they were originally captured. The populations characterized at Franklinville, NY, have also been found at numerous locations from eastern Canada and the northeast and north central USA, sometimes in allopatry and sometimes in sympatry. At a site in Carver, MA, P. anxia males responded to blends of the methyl esters of L-valine and L-isoleucine, and Carver females produced blends similar to those to which the males responded. Populations responding to blends have been identified only from southeastern Massachusetts and Rhode Island. At a field site near Waterloo, NY, the addition of small proportions of L-isoleucine methyl ester to lures containing L-valine methyl ester did not affect trap captures, but higher proportions of L-isoleucine methyl ester were inhibitory, decreasing trap captures.

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“…Lack of genetic evidence for differential introgression runs counter to observations in nature. An appreciable number of hybrid offsprings occur at sampled sympatric localities in New York (5-15%; Dopman et al, 2010;Coates et al, 2013) and yet differentiation between Z and E strains at Tpi has been maintained at these sites for more than 40 generations (Glover et al, 1991;Dopman et al, 2005;Dopman, 2011). Disruptive selection following introgression of the nonrecombining region that includes Tpi might be important in maintaining divergence at New York localities, where sweeps and incomplete lineage sorting alone cannot easily account for patterns of nucleotide variation across loci.…”

Section: Evolution Of Genetic Divergencementioning

confidence: 99%

A recombination suppressor contributes to ecological speciation in OSTRINIA moths

Wadsworth

Dopman

2015

Heredity

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Despite unparalleled access to species' genomes in our post-genomic age, we often lack adequate biological explanations for a major hallmark of the speciation process-genetic divergence. In the presence of gene flow, chromosomal rearrangements such as inversions are thought to promote divergence and facilitate speciation by suppressing recombination. Using a combination of genetic crosses, phenotyping of a trait underlying ecological isolation, and population genetic analysis of wild populations, we set out to determine whether evidence supports a role for recombination suppressors during speciation between the Z and E strains of European corn borer moth (Ostrinia nubilalis). Our results are consistent with the presence of an inversion that has contributed to accumulation of ecologically adaptive alleles and genetic differentiation across roughly 20% of the Ostrinia sex chromosome (~4 Mb). Patterns in Ostrinia suggest that chromosomal divergence may involve two separate phases-one driving its transient origin through local adaptation and one determining its stable persistence through differential introgression. As the evolutionary rate of rearrangements in lepidopteran genomes appears to be one of the fastest among eukaryotes, structural mutations may have had a disproportionate role during adaptive divergence and speciation in Ostrinia and in other moths and butterflies.

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Gene Flow Among Three Races of European Corn Borers (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in New York State

Cited by 54 publications

References 22 publications

Managing resistance to Bt crops in a genetically variable insect herbivore, Ostrinia nubilalis

Managing resistance to Bt crops in a genetically variable insect herbivore, Ostrinia nubilalis

Experimental Evidence for Three Pheromone Races of the Scarab Beetle Phyllophaga anxia (LeConte)

A recombination suppressor contributes to ecological speciation in OSTRINIA moths

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