Gene Resources of Perennial Wild Cereals Involved in Breeding to Improve Wheat Crop

Diploid and polyploid wild species of Triticeae have complex relationships, and the understanding of their evolution and speciation could help to increase the usability of them in wheat breeding as a source of genetic diversity. The diploid species Pseudoroegneria spicata (St), Thinopyrum bessarabicum (J b ), Dasypyrum villosum (V) derived from a hypothetical common ancestor are considered to be possible subgenome donors in hexaploid species Th. intermedium (J r J vs St, where indices r, v, and s stand for the partial relation to the genomes of Secale, Dasypyrum, and Pseudoroegneria, respectively). We quantified 10 families of transposable elements (TEs) in P. spicata, Th. bessarabicum, D. villosum (per one genome), and Th. intermedium (per one average subgenome) using the quantitative real time PCR assay and compared their abundance within the studied genomes as well as between them. Sabrina was the most abundant among all studied elements in P. spicata, D. villosum, and Th. intermedium, and among Ty3/Gypsy elements in all studied species. Among Ty1/Copia elements, Angela-A and WIS-A showed the highest and close abundance with the exception of D. villosum, and comprised the majority of all studied elements in Th. bessarabicum. Sabrina, BAGY2, and Angela-A showed similar abundance among diploids and in Th. intermedium hexaploid; Latidu and Barbara demonstrated sharp differences between diploid genomes. The relationships between genomes of Triticeae species based on the studied TE abundance and the role of TEs in speciation and polyploidization in the light of the current phylogenetic models is discussed.

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“…intermedium (2n = 42) and Th. ponticum (2n = 70) are widely used as sources of valuable genes for wheat improvement via wide hybridization [99].…”

Section: The Comparison Of Te Content Between Genomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copy Number Variation of Transposable Elements in Thinopyrum intermedium and Its Diploid Relative Species

Divashuk

Карлов

Kroupin

2019

Plants

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“…tauschii germplasm [46][47][48]. In addition, the majority of gene introgressions of agronomically important traits from wild related species occurred in the chromosomes of the D-genome and the presence of D chromosomes increases the success of distant interspecific and intergeneric introgressions [49][50][51][52][53][54][55]. To increase the efficiency of introgressions from the D-genome, an intensive study of its molecular genetic structure using the NGS approaches is carried out in order to map and develop markers for genes of agronomical important traits [33,56].…”

Section: Competing Interests: No Authors Have Competing Interestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allele mining of TaGRF-2D gene 5’-UTR in Triticum aestivum and Aegilops tauschii genotypes

et al. 2020

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The low diversity of the D-subgenome of bread wheat requires the involvement of new alleles for breeding. In grasses, the allelic state of Growth Regulating Factor (GRF) gene is correlated with nitrogen uptake. In this study, we characterized the sequence of TaGRF-2D and assessed its diversity in bread wheat and goatgrass Aegilops tauschii (genome DD). In silico analysis was performed for reference sequence searching, primer pairs design and sequence assembly. The gene sequence was obtained using Illumina and Sanger sequencing. The complete sequences of TaGRF-2D were obtained for 18 varieties of wheat. The polymorphism in the presence/absence of two GCAGCC repeats in 5' UTR was revealed and the GRF-2D-SSR marker was developed. Our results showed that the alleles 5' UTR-250 and 5' UTR-238 were present in wheat varieties, 5' UTR-250 was presented in the majority of wheat varieties. In Ae. tauschii ssp. strangulata (likely donor of the D-subgenome of polyploid wheat), most accessions carried the 5' UTR-250 allele, whilst most Ae. tauschii ssp. tauschii have 5' UTR-244. The developed GRF-2D-SSR marker can be used to study the genetic diversity of wheat and Ae. tauschii.

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“…The introgression of agronomically valuable traits from the Triticeae wild species via wide hybridization has been proved to be one of the efficient tools to enrich wheat gene repertoire [ 6 , 8 , 9 ]. Thinopyrum (wheatgrass) species are widely used in wide hybridization of wheat as donors of tolerance to adverse conditions and disease resistance [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Specific Thinopyrum Cytogenetic Markers for Wheat-Wheatgrass Hybrids Using Sequencing and qPCR Data

Nikitina

Kuznetsova

Kroupin

et al. 2020

IJMS

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The cytogenetic study of wide hybrids of wheat has both practical and fundamental values. Partial wheat-wheatgrass hybrids (WWGHs) are interesting as a breeding bridge to confer valuable genes to wheat genome, as well as a model object that contains related genomes of Triticeae. The development of cytogenetic markers is a process that requires long and laborious fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing of various probes before a suitable probe is found. In this study, we aimed to find an approach that allows to facilitate this process. Based on the data sequencing of Thinopyrum ponticum, we selected six tandem repeat (TR) clusters using RepeatExplorer2 pipeline and designed primers for each of them. We estimated the found TRs’ abundance in the genomes of Triticum aestivum, Thinopyrum ponticum, Thinopyrum intermedium and four different WWGH accessions using real-time qPCR, and localized them on the chromosomes of the studied WWGHs using fluorescence in situ hybridization. As a result, we obtained three tandem repeat cytogenetic markers that specifically labeled wheatgrass chromosomes in the presence of bread wheat chromosomes. Moreover, we designed and tested primers for these repeats, and demonstrated that they can be used as qPCR markers for quick and cheap monitoring of the presence of certain chromosomes of wheatgrass in breeding programs.

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Gene Resources of Perennial Wild Cereals Involved in Breeding to Improve Wheat Crop

Cited by 16 publications

References 49 publications

Copy Number Variation of Transposable Elements in Thinopyrum intermedium and Its Diploid Relative Species

Copy Number Variation of Transposable Elements in Thinopyrum intermedium and Its Diploid Relative Species

Allele mining of TaGRF-2D gene 5’-UTR in Triticum aestivum and Aegilops tauschii genotypes

Development of Specific Thinopyrum Cytogenetic Markers for Wheat-Wheatgrass Hybrids Using Sequencing and qPCR Data

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