General equation for linear mechanisms of catalyst deactivation

Kinetics of deactivation of Pd/C catalyst repeatedly used in the liquid-phase hydrodechlorination of PCE

“…where K d is the deactivation rate constant; a is the activity at time t relative to that of a fresh catalyst; m is the order of deactivation; C 1 -C i are the concentrations of components in the mixture; n 1 -n i the order of dependencies of the said concentrations [15,23].…”

Kinetic modeling for the deactivation of TiO2 during the photocatalytic removal of low concentration SO2

“…As observed in the experimental study [14], the catalyst was not deactivated completely but reached a residual activity level, which is frequently found in other researches [19,25,29]. This residual activity can possibly be attributed to the reversible or at least partially reversible deactivation process which make the catalyst be able to selfregenerate to some degree [29,30]. In the deactivation kinetic model, the term of a s was introduced by Fuentes [31] to study the deactivation of the catalyst with a steady-state activity.…”

Three-Factor Kinetic Equation of Catalyst Deactivation

“…Basically, it is the distinguishing feature of catalytic intermediates in the QSS regime. Later, Ostrovskii developed this approach further in the monograph [ 13 ] and the paper [ 14 ]. We will present this approach in detail, since the goal of our paper is to modify and generalize it.…”

“…We will present this approach in detail, since the goal of our paper is to modify and generalize it. In all cases analyzed in [ 7 , 13 , 14 ], a detailed linear mechanism was considered, i.e., only one ‘molecule’ of the catalytic intermediate participants in all reactions of a n-step single-route mechanism. In [ 7 , 9 , 14 ], the catalytic reaction accompanied by reversible deactivation and aging is presented by the three-building-block scheme (Symbols adapted to match current article conventions.)…”

“…In [ 13 , 14 ], Equation ( 14 )—regarding solely reversible deactivation—is termed as a general deactivation equation for linear catalytic mechanisms . At the final state, , Parameter corresponds to the steady-state of the reversible deactivation process, i.e., the so-called residual activity that is achieved when the rate of deactivation ( ) and the rate of self-regeneration ( ) are equal.…”