General movements as a predictive tool of the neurological outcome in very low and extremely low birth weight infants — A South African perspective

Burger, Marlette; Frieg, A.; Louw, Quinette

doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2011.01.034

Cited by 28 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Like in Spittle et al [32] a significant percentage of infants in our study developed no fidgety movements (22% of 97 Australian very preterm infants; 23% in our study). In the South African sample of 125 VLBW infants, only 9% had no fidgety movements [31]. Similarly, in the sample of Stahlmann et al [30] only 8% of 103 VLBW infants showed no fidgety movements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Previous studies carried out in Germany [30], South Africa [31] and Australia [32] demonstrate that the assessment of fidgety movements contributes to the predictability of the motor outcome in VLBW or very preterm infants. Like in Spittle et al [32] a significant percentage of infants in our study developed no fidgety movements (22% of 97 Australian very preterm infants; 23% in our study).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Very low birth weight infants in China: the predictive value of the motor repertoire at 3 to 5months for the motor performance at 12months

Zang

Yang

Han³

et al. 2016

Early Human Development

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BackgroundStudies on motor performance and its early markers are rare in China, especially in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.ObjectiveApart from the assessment of the inter-scorer agreement, we aimed to analyze to what extent the motor repertoire at 10 to 18 weeks postterm was related to neonatal complications, and gross and fine motor performance at 12 months after term.Study designExploratory prospective study.SubjectsSeventy-four VLBW infants (58 males; mean gestational age = 29 weeks; mean birth weight = 1252 g).MethodFive-minute video recordings were performed at 10 to 18 weeks after term; fidgety movements and the concurrent motor patterns (resulting in a motor optimality score) were assessed according to the Prechtl general movements assessment (GMA). The gross and fine motor performance was assessed by means of the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, second edition, at 12 months.ResultsReliability was excellent. Pneumonia was associated with absent fidgety movements; the motor optimality score was lower in infants with pneumonia and/or bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Both absent fidgety movements and a lower motor optimality score were associated with a poor or very poor gross and fine motor performance at the 12-month-assessment.ConclusionBoth the assessment of fidgety movements and the evaluation of the concurrent motor repertoire contribute significantly to an identification of VLBW children with a poor gross and fine motor outcome at 12 months. The results of this study document the need for an early identification of infants at high risk for a poor motor performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Very low birth weight infants in China: the predictive value of the motor repertoire at 3 to 5months for the motor performance at 12months

Zang

Yang

Han³

et al. 2016

Early Human Development

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“…Studies evaluating whether there are differences in GMs between different ethnic or cultural groups are, to the best of our knowledge, not available. Most studies have been performed in Europe, although more studies are now coming also from Brazil, China, Iran and South Africa (9,(16)(17)(18) . It has further been claimed that GMA studies have a risk for bias because study samples are selected retrospectively, based on available video recordings rather than well-defined high-risk cohorts.…”

Section: (8)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early motor repertoire in very low birth weight infants in India is associated with motor development at one year

Adde

Thomas

John

et al. 2016

European Journal of Paediatric Neurology

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BackgroundMost studies on Prechtl's method of assessing General Movements (GMA) in young infants originate in Europe. Aim To determine if motor behavior at an age of 3 months post term is associated with motor development at 12 months post age in VLBW infants in India. Methods 243 VLBW infants (135 boys, 108 girls; median gestational age 31wks, range 26-39wks) were video-recorded at a median age of 11wks post term (range 9-16wks). Certified and experienced observers assessed the videos by the "Assessment of Motor Repertoire -2 to 5 Months". Fidgety movements (FMs) were classified as abnormal if absent, sporadic or exaggerated, and as normal if intermittently or continually present. The motor behaviour was evaluated by repertoire of coexistent other movements (age-adequacy) and concurrent motor repertoire. In addition, videos of 215 infants were analyzed by computer and the variability of the spatial center of motion (C SD ) was calculated. The Peabody Developmental Motor Scales was used to assess motor development at 12 months. Results Abnormal FMs, reduced age adequacy, and an abnormal concurrent motor repertoire were significantly associated with lower Gross Motor and Total Motor Quotient (GMQ, TMQ) scores (p<0.05). The C SD was higher in children with TMQ scores <90 (-1SD) than in children with higher TMQ scores (p=0.002). Conclusion Normal FMs (assessed by Gestalt perception) and a low variability of the spatial center of motion (assessed by computer-based video analysis) predicted higher Peabody scores in 12-month-old infants born in India with a very low birth weight.

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“…Observation and assessment of the quality of spontaneous movements in young infants, the so-called general movements (GMs), has arisen as a reliable and valid method for the prediction of severe neurological impairments such as cerebral palsy (CP; Adde et al, 2007;Bruggink et al, 2009a;Burger, Frieg, and Louw, 2011;Prechtl et al, 1997). Normal GMs occur in age-specific patterns and between 9 and 20 weeks postterm age are characterized by small movements of moderate speed and variable accelerations of the neck, trunk, and limbs in all directions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of fidgety movements and prediction of CP by the use of computer-based video analysis is more accurate when based on two video recordings

Adde

Helbostad

Jensenius

et al. 2013

Physiotherapy Theory and Practice

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This study evaluates the role of postterm age at assessment and the use of one or two video recordings for the detection of fidgety movements (FMs) and prediction of cerebral palsy (CP) using computer vision software. Recordings between 9 and 17 weeks postterm age from 52 preterm and term infants (24 boys, 28 girls; 26 born preterm) were used. Recordings were analyzed using computer vision software. Movement variables, derived from differences between subsequent video frames, were used for quantitative analysis. Sensitivities, specificities, and area under curve were estimated for the first and second recording, or a mean of both. FMs were classified based on the Prechtl approach of general movement assessment. CP status was reported at 2 years. Nine children developed CP of whom all recordings had absent FMs. The mean variability of the centroid of motion (C SD ) from two recordings was more accurate than using only one recording, and identified all children who were diagnosed with CP at 2 years. Age at assessment did not influence the detection of FMs or prediction of CP. The accuracy of computer vision techniques in identifying FMs and predicting CP based on two recordings should be confirmed in future studies.

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General movements as a predictive tool of the neurological outcome in very low and extremely low birth weight infants — A South African perspective

Cited by 28 publications

References 29 publications

Very low birth weight infants in China: the predictive value of the motor repertoire at 3 to 5months for the motor performance at 12months

Very low birth weight infants in China: the predictive value of the motor repertoire at 3 to 5months for the motor performance at 12months

Early motor repertoire in very low birth weight infants in India is associated with motor development at one year

Identification of fidgety movements and prediction of CP by the use of computer-based video analysis is more accurate when based on two video recordings

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