General pharmacology of meloxicam-part I: Effects on CNS, gastric emptying, intestinal transport, water, electrolyte and creatinine excretion

Engelhardt, G.; Homma, Daigo; Schlegel, K.; Schnitzler, Chr.; Utzmann, R.

doi:10.1016/0306-3623(95)02034-9

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In agreement with Forsyth et al [17] and with Engelhardt et al [41] the renal biochemical parameters (creatinine and urea) also showed no significant changes except in the piroxicam group, where the urea values were significantly enhanced after 14 days of treatment, which could point to inadequate kidney perfusion. The joint increase of the platelet and urea values, together with normal creatinine values, may be consistent with the upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage [42] observed macroscopically.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Gastric Damage Induced by Subchronic Administration of Preferential Cyclooxygenase-1 and Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors in Rats

et al. 2002

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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are well known to induce gastrointestinal damage including bleeding, ulceration and perforation in humans and animals. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two oxicams, preferential cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 or COX-2 inhibitors, on both gastric mucosa and some biological parameters (hematological, hepatic and renal) after subchronic administration (14 and 28 days) in rats. Neutrophil infiltration was also assessed. Equipotent doses of meloxicam (3.75 and 7.5 mg/kg) and piroxicam (5 and 10 mg/kg) were administered. Both drugs dose-dependently caused multiple gastric erosions and hemorrhage in rats after 14 and 28 days of administration. Treatment with meloxicam led to a higher gastric damage than with piroxicam on day 14 although these results were not significant. The levels of myeloperoxidase activity (as an index of neutrophil infiltration) were not changed compared with control after drug treatment. All the hematological parameters obtained after drugs administration for 14 and 28 days were in the range of normal values, and a significant increase in platelet levels could be observed in the group treated with 5 mg/kg of piroxicam for 14 days. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST or GOT) increased significantly after 14 days, but after 28 days the values returned to normality. Creatinine and urea did not undergo significant changes except for the piroxicam 14-day 5 mg/kg group, in which uremia increased significantly over normal values. In conclusion, our results show that meloxicam, a preferential COX-2 inhibitor, causes rates of gastric lesion comparable to those seen with traditional NSAIDs, without inducing important changes in biological parameters.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Gastric Damage Induced by Subchronic Administration of Preferential Cyclooxygenase-1 and Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors in Rats

et al. 2002

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“…[17] It has been demonstrated that meloxicam had no significant effect on motor performance tests that followed middle cerebral artery occlusion. [18] It is known that meloxicam is free from CNS effects [19] and its analgesic effect is largely mediated via peripheral mechanisms. [20] Therefore, the possible explanation of the central effect of meloxicam in this study seems to be not related to the inhibition of Cox-2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of meloxicam and rofecoxib on psychomotor performance: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study

Al-Nimer

2007

Indian J Pharmacol

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Twelve healthy, young males were allocated randomly from college students and participated in a balanced one-period cross-over investigation, with each period separated by a 7-day washed-out period. Participants were asked to perform psychomotor performance (choice reaction time and critical flicker-fusion threshold tests) before and after 2 h of receiving single oral dose of either meloxicam (7.5 mg) or rofecoxib (25 mg). Results: Results: Meloxicam and rofecoxib were statistically significant, differing from placebo in reducing motor and recognition reaction times, respectively, of the objective test used. Both drugs were not significantly different from placebo in critical flicker-fusion frequency thresholds. Conclusion: Conclusion: These results allow the conclusion that the effects of preferential (meloxicam) and highly selective (rofecoxib) cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors showed central effect by improving psychomotor performance, but in different directions.

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“…The other isoform, COX‐2, is the inducible form in inflammatory cells 1. COX‐2 inhibitors are leading drugs with reduced side effects, such as reduced incidence of gastrointestinal lesions compared with other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs such as indomethacin 2, 7. In the present study, new COX‐2 inhibitors, celecoxib and meloxicam, induced no serious side effects, but indomethacin induced severe intestinal ulceration and dysfunction of liver (elevated serum GOT and GPT) and kidney (elevated BUN).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitors for treatment of experimental autoimmune neuritis

et al. 2002

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We analyzed two new cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, celecoxib (SC-58635) and meloxicam, for the treatment of experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) in rats. Celecoxib and meloxicam significantly reduced clinical EAN score and histopathological damage of the sciatic nerve. They induced no serious side effects, whereas indomethacin used as a control caused severe intestinal ulceration and dysfunction of liver and kidney. These findings suggest that the new COX-2 inhibitors may be useful as additional therapeutic agents for patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.

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General pharmacology of meloxicam-part I: Effects on CNS, gastric emptying, intestinal transport, water, electrolyte and creatinine excretion

Cited by 20 publications

References 3 publications

Gastric Damage Induced by Subchronic Administration of Preferential Cyclooxygenase-1 and Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors in Rats

Gastric Damage Induced by Subchronic Administration of Preferential Cyclooxygenase-1 and Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors in Rats

Effects of meloxicam and rofecoxib on psychomotor performance: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study

New cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitors for treatment of experimental autoimmune neuritis

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