General practice in the era of planetary health: Responding to the climate health emergency

Pendrey, Catherine Georgia Anne; Beaton, Laura; Kneebone, Jessica Alice

doi:10.31128/ajgp-01-20-5207

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Finally, whole-of-system research is necessary to detail the roles of emergency services, primary care, routine care, and preventative health services under a changing climate [ 9 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 ]. This entails identifying contributions each can make to patient care, public health, psychological support, and other specialised tasks across all phases of disasters (planning, preparedness, response, and recovery).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Climate Change on Health and Health Services in Northern New South Wales, Australia: A Rapid Review

Lee

Vine

Atkinson

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Climate change is exposing populations to increasing temperatures and extreme weather events in many parts of Australia. To prepare for climate challenges, there is a growing need for Local Health Districts (LHDs) to identify potential health impacts in their region and strengthen the capacity of the health system to respond accordingly. This rapid review summarised existing evidence and research gaps on the impact of climate change on health and health services in Northern New South Wales (NSW)—a ‘hotspot’ for climate disaster declarations. We systematically searched online databases and selected 11 peer-reviewed studies published between 2012–2022 for the Northern NSW region. The most explored health outcome was mental health in the aftermath of floods and droughts, followed by increased healthcare utilisation due to respiratory, cardiovascular and mortality outcomes associated with bushfire smoke or heat waves. Future research directions were recommended to understand: the compounding impacts of extreme events on health and the health system, local data needs that can better inform models that predict future health risks and healthcare utilisation for the region, and the needs of vulnerable populations that require a whole-of-system response during the different phases of disasters. In conclusion, the review provided climate change and health research directions the LHD may undertake to inform future adaptation and mitigation policies and strategies relevant to their region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Climate Change on Health and Health Services in Northern New South Wales, Australia: A Rapid Review

Lee

Vine

Atkinson

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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“…Pendrey et al. [ 16 ] describe that primary care physicians can show leadership on a personal level by individually reducing their carbon footprint via reducing air travel, switching to a green electricity provider and using active or public transport [ 16 ]. Also, primary care practices can serve as role models by leading campaigns on waste reduction, recycling, or active transportation [ 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change mitigation: Qualitative analysis of environmental impact-reducing strategies in German primary care

Fehrer

Poß-Doering

Weis

et al. 2023

European Journal of General Practice

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Background The German healthcare system is responsible for 5,2% of the national emissions of greenhouse gases. Therefore, mitigation actions to reduce the carbon footprint are crucial. However, there have been few approaches to achieve this in German primary care. Objectives This study aimed to identify environmental impact-reducing strategies of German primary care practices. Methods During the summer of 2021, a qualitative study was conducted using interviews and focus groups with experts in primary care across Germany, such as physicians, medical assistants, health scientists and experts on the health system level. Verbatim transcribed data were analyzed using Thematic Analysis. Results The sample comprised 26 individual interviews and two focus groups with a total of N = 40 participants. Findings provide a first overview of pursued mitigation strategies and contextual factors influencing their implementation. Strategies referred to the use of water and energy, recycling and waste management, supply chains and procurement, digitisation, mobility, patient care, behavioural changes and system level. Implementing sustainable actions in daily care was considered expensive and often unfeasible due to lack of staff, time and restrictive hygiene regulations. Participants called for more instruction on implementing mitigating actions, for example, through websites, podcasts, guidelines or quality indicators. Conclusion This study’s findings can support the development of future environmental impact-reducing strategies in primary care. Potential options for guidance and support should be considered to facilitate sustainability.

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“…Over the past few decades, global warming has caused pronounced and often complex changes in the incidence and prevalence of vector borne infectious diseases of humans and animals (4, 5, 6). Following the emergence and re-emergence of vector-borne diseases (VBD) of humans in many parts of the world in recent years (e.g., Zika virus and malaria, Japanese Encephalitis) the global spread of arboviruses has received research attention from international public health organisations (7, 8, 9). There is a strong association between climate change and the geographic distribution of VBD because insect vector ecology and their rate of development are often dependent on environmental conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of climate change on the spread of predicted bluetongue in Australian livestock

Al-Riyami,

Firestone,

Eagles

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Introduction: The frequency of vector-borne disease in human and animal populations has increased in recent years leading to concerns that even greater increases will occur as a result of climate change, driven by changes in the geographic distribution of insect vector habitat areas. In this study we investigate the effect of climate change on the expected spread of bluetongue (a viral disease of ruminants spread by Culicoides midges) using the Australian Animal Disease Spread model (AADIS). Methods: Estimates of average daily temperature across Australia for 2015 were obtained from the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Predicted average daily temperatures using the CanESM2 model (emission scenario RCP 8.5) for 2025 and 2035 at a resolution of 5 km × 5 km were obtained from the Australian Climate Futures decision-support tool, managed by CSIRO. Two study areas in Australia were selected: the first in North Queensland and the second in Northern New South Wales. A total of 24 outbreak scenarios were run: mid-summer and mid-winter incursions for each study area for 2015, 2025 and 2035 with direct movement of animals in the AADIS model disabled and enabled for each. Model results were expressed as the number bluetongue-positive herds, (herds in which at least one animal was BTV positive) at the end of each 365 day simulation period. Results: For North Queensland, there was little change in the median predicted number of bluetongue positive herds for mid-summer and mid-winter 2025 and 2035 incursions (compared with 2015) and a moderate increase in the variability of predicted outbreak sizes when direct animal movements were disabled. For Northern New South Wales there were moderate increases in both the predicted number of bluetongue positive herds and the variability of predicted outbreak sizes for 2025 and 2035, compared with 2015. Compared with the direct animal movement disabled scenarios, there were marked increases in the predicted number of bluetongue positive herds as a function of simulation year for North Queensland. For Northern New south Wales this trend was not as distinct, but as for the direct movement disabled scenarios, the variability of predicted outbreak sizes for the 2035 incursions were greater than the variability of predicted outbreak sizes for the 2015 incursions. Conclusion: Climate change will result in a greater portion of the land area of Australia with conditions suitable for Culicoides midges. Our findings show that under conditions of climate change and an outbreak of virulent bluetongue in Australia, the rapid imposition of effective restrictions of animal movement will be the single most important control measure to limit further spread of disease.

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General practice in the era of planetary health: Responding to the climate health emergency

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Impacts of Climate Change on Health and Health Services in Northern New South Wales, Australia: A Rapid Review

Impacts of Climate Change on Health and Health Services in Northern New South Wales, Australia: A Rapid Review

Climate change mitigation: Qualitative analysis of environmental impact-reducing strategies in German primary care

The effect of climate change on the spread of predicted bluetongue in Australian livestock

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