General toxicity studies of alpha mangostin from Garcinia mangostana: A systematic review

Setyawati, Luthfi Utami; Nurhidayah, Wiwit; Ikram, Nur Kusaira Khairul; Fuad, Wan Ezumi Mohd; Muchtaridi, Muchtaridi

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16045

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…According to reports, xanthones exhibits antioxidant, antiproliferative, wound healing, and anti-inflammatory properties. Numerous publications have documented the biological properties of the underutilized component of mangosteen, which include anti-obesity and lipid metabolism disorder, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities [42].…”

Section: Manggis (Garcinia Mangostana Linn)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Indonesian anti-inflammation herbs mechanism: mini review

Mochtar,

Mugiyanto,

Wirasti

et al. 2023

jiks

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This mini-review aims to provide an overview of some commonly used anti-inflammatory herbs in Indonesia. Inflammation is a complex physiological response that plays a role in various diseases, and herbal remedies have been used traditionally in Indonesian culture for their potential anti-inflammatory properties. We utilize Portal Garuda as the primary database for searching herbs with anti-inflammatory activity using the keyword "anti-inflamasi”. The selected herbs discussed in this review include turmeric (Curcuma longa), ginger (Zingiber officinale), clove (Syzygium aromaticum), and cinnamon (Cinnamomum sp.). These herbs have been reported to possess anti-inflammatory effects through various mechanisms, such as inhibition of pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines, antioxidant activity, and modulation of immune responses. Moreover, these herbs have also demonstrated safety profiles in traditional use. However, further scientific research is needed to elucidate the specific bioactive compounds responsible for their anti-inflammatory effects and to determine the optimal dosages and formulations for therapeutic use. The exploration of Indonesian anti-inflammatory herbs could contribute to the development of natural and affordable options for managing inflammatory conditions, complementing conventional treatments, and promoting overall health and well-being.

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Section: Manggis (Garcinia Mangostana Linn)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Indonesian anti-inflammation herbs mechanism: mini review

Mochtar,

Mugiyanto,

Wirasti

et al. 2023

jiks

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“…The fruit pericarp of mangostin contains alph-mangostin, beta-mangostin, and gamma-mangostin, which show promise for anticancer. Alpha-mangostin, in particular, has been extensively studied for its activity against breast cancer ( 21 ). This compound inhibits the invasion and metastasis of TNBC cells ( 22 ) and downregulates MMPs, including MMP-2 and MMP-9 ( 23 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Modes of Mechanism of Gamma-Mangostin and Alpha-Mangostin to Inhibit Cell Migration of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells Concerning CXCR4 Downregulation and ROS Generation

Sarmoko,

Novitasari,

Toriyama

et al. 2023

Iran J Pharm Res

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Background: Two mangostin compounds, gamma-mangostin and alpha-mangostin, show anticancer properties through the inhibition of cell proliferation and cell migration. Metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, including MDA-MB-231, highly express C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) to maintain reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell migration. Objectives: This study was performed to analyze and compare different modes of action of γ-mangostin and α-mangostin as antimigratory effects targeted on CXCR4 in MDA-MB-231 as a model of TNBC cell. Methods: This study investigated the effect of γ-mangostin and α-mangostin using a series of assays, including Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay for cytotoxicity, wound healing assay for migration study, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for gene expression analysis, and flow cytometry for ROS measurement, along with in silico study to observe the binding between the compound and CXCR4. Results: The findings revealed half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 25 and 20 μM for γ-mangostin and α-mangostin in MDA-MB 231 cells, respectively. Moreover, a concentration of 10 μM was used for the migration assay. Both γ-mangostin and α-mangostin significantly suppressed cell migration within 24 hours. The present gene expression studies revealed the downregulation of key migration-associated genes, namely Farp, CXCR4, and LPHN2, upon γ-mangostin treatment but not α-mangostin. Additionally, both γ-mangostin and α-mangostin increased cellular ROS generation, highlighting the same effect of γ-mangostin and α-mangostin ROS elevation to inhibit cancer cell migration. Molecular docking simulations further suggested a potential interaction between γ-mangostin and α-mangostin with CXCR4 in high affinity. Conclusions: These findings suggest that both γ-mangostin and α-mangostin inhibit breast cancer cell migration and induce cellular ROS levels in MDA-MB-231 cells; notably, γ-mangostin suppresses CXCR4 mRNA expression that might correlate to its activity to inhibit MDA-MB-231 cell migration.

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“…is well known as the queen of fruits, and it grows in the Southeast Asian region. α-mangostin (AM), the main xanthone derivative contained in mangosteen pericarp, has many pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, antiproliferation, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer [6,7]. AM has demonstrated potential therapeutic benefits for many types of cancer cells, with antitumor effects inhibiting key phases of cancer development [8][9][10][11], increasing cell cycle arrest and death in breast cancer cells [10,11], and growing selectivity [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity Enhancement of α-Mangostin with Folate-Conjugated Chitosan Nanoparticles in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells

Herdiana,

Wathoni,

Shamsuddin

et al. 2023

Molecules

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α-mangostin (AM) is a promising natural anticancer agent that can be used in cancer research. However, its effectiveness can be limited by poor solubility and bioavailability. To address this issue, chitosan-based nanoparticles (CSNPs) have been investigated as a potential delivery system to enhance the cytotoxicity to cancer cells and improve selectivity against normal cells. In this study, we developed folate-conjugated chitosan nanoparticles (F-CS-NPs) using a carbodiimide-based conjugation method to attach folate to chitosan (CS), which have different molecular weights. The NPs were crosslinked using tripolyphosphate (TPP) via ionic gelation. To characterize the F-CS-NPs, we utilized various analytical techniques, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to evaluate the particle size and morphology, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to confirm the presence of functional groups, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) to measure the absorption spectrum and confirm the presence of folate. The particle size of AM-F-CS-NPs ranged from 180 nm to 250 nm, with many having favorable charges ranging from +40.33 ± 3.4 to 10.69 ± 1.3 mV. All NPs exhibited the same spherical morphology. The use of F-CS-NPs increased drug release, followed by a sustained release pattern. We evaluated the cytotoxicity of AM, AM-F-CS-HMW, and AM-F-CS-LMW NPs against MCF-7 cells and found IC50 values of 8.47 ± 0.49, 5.3 ± 0.01, and 4.70 ± 0.11 µg/mL, respectively. These results confirm the improved cytotoxicity of AM in MCF-7 cells when delivered via F-CS-NPs. Overall, our in vitro study demonstrated that the properties of F-CS-NPs greatly influence the cytotoxicity of AM in MCF-7 breast cancer cells (significantly different (p < 0.05)). The use of F-CS-NPs as a drug-delivery system for AM may have the potential to develop novel therapies for breast cancer.

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General toxicity studies of alpha mangostin from Garcinia mangostana: A systematic review

Cited by 8 publications

References 57 publications

Indonesian anti-inflammation herbs mechanism: mini review

Indonesian anti-inflammation herbs mechanism: mini review

Different Modes of Mechanism of Gamma-Mangostin and Alpha-Mangostin to Inhibit Cell Migration of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells Concerning CXCR4 Downregulation and ROS Generation

Cytotoxicity Enhancement of α-Mangostin with Folate-Conjugated Chitosan Nanoparticles in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells

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