One of the largest mangosteen producing areas in Tasikmalaya Regency, which is in 8 villages in Puspahiang Sub-district. Mangosteen farmers Puspahiang district relies on export quality because the price is 3 times more expensive. However, due to farmers' pursuit of mangosteen the quality of exports of farmers will be much to remove the mangosteen fruit harvest that does not enter the quality of exports such as too small fruits or infected yellow sap disease. In addition, if the mangosteen reached in end season, mangosteen farmers in Puspahiang will switch to other livelihoods. Mangosteen pericarps has been used by generations as a medicine. Socio-economic study to community in the form of the introduction of ECO-friendly technology (TTG) Mangosteen extraction has been aimed to determine the response of mangosteen farmers in Puspahiang in the development of the Mangosteen Extract Center for the needs of the Herbal and Nutrition Medicine industries. The survey method was carried out, socialization, pre-test and post-test. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. The socio-economic survey showed that the Puspahiang community is almost 100% in agreement with the construction of the mangosteen leather extrator center. However, 60% of the public is concerned about the processing of waste extracts. Subsequently, it needs to be done waste treatment studies on the socio-economic community. Keywords: extract; mangosteen pericarps; Puspahiang; socio-economic.

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The high rate of incidence and mortality caused by breast cancer encourage urgent research to immediately develop new diagnostic and therapeutic agents for breast cancer. Alpha mangostin (AM) is a natural compound reported to have anti-breast cancer properties. Its electron-donating groups structure allows it to be labeled with an iodine-131 radioisotope to develop a candidate of a diagnostic and therapeutic agent for breast cancer. This study aims to prepare the [131I]Iodine-α-mangostin ([131I]I-AM) and evaluate its stability, lipophilicity, and cellular uptake in breast cancer cell lines. The [131I]I-AM was prepared by direct radiosynthesis with Chloramine-T method in two conditions (A: AM dissolved in NaOH, B: AM dissolved in ethanol). Reaction time, pH, and mass of the oxidizing agent were optimized as crucial parameters that affected the radiosynthesis reaction. Further analysis was conducted using the radiosynthesis conditions with the highest radiochemical purity (RCP). Stability tests were carried out at three storage conditions, including −20, 2, and 25 °C. A cellular uptake study was performed in T47D (breast cancer cell line) and Vero cells (noncancerous cell line) at various incubation times. The results show that the RCP values of [131I]I-AM under conditions A and B were 90.63 ± 0.44 and 95.17 ± 0.80% (n = 3), respectively. In the stability test, [131I]I-AM has an RCP above 90% after three days of storage at −20 °C. A significant difference was obtained between [131I]I-AM uptake in T47D and Vero cells. Based on these results, [131I]I-AM has been prepared with high RCP, stable at −20 °C, and specifically uptaken by breast cancer cell lines. Biodistribution evaluations in animals are recommended as further research in developing [131I]I-AM as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent for breast cancer.

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Natural compounds provide precursors with various pharmacological activities and play an important role in discovering new chemical entities, including radiopharmaceuticals. In the development of new radiopharmaceuticals, iodine radioisotopes are widely used and interact with complex compounds including natural products. However, the development of radiopharmaceuticals from natural compounds with iodine radioisotopes has not been widely explored. This review summarizes the development of radiopharmaceuticals from natural compounds using iodine radioisotopes in the last 10 years, as well as discusses the challenges and strategies to improve future discovery of radiopharmaceuticals from natural resources. Literature research was conducted via PubMed, from which 32 research articles related to the development of natural compounds labeled with iodine radioisotopes were reported. From the literature, the challenges in developing radiopharmaceuticals from natural compounds were the purity and biodistribution. Despite the challenges, the development of radiopharmaceuticals from natural compounds is a golden opportunity for nuclear medicine advancement.