Generalized Characteristic-Mode Formulation for Composite Structures With Arbitrarily Metallic–Dielectric Combinations

Guo, Liwen; Chen, Yikai; Yang, Shiwen

doi:10.1109/tap.2018.2829843

Cited by 39 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…5 Next, the properties of the solutions VIE-G are investigated with numerical experiments. In Figure 2, the real and imaginary parts of the eigenvalues of VIE-G are compared with the analytical results of Equation (33) and with Equation (14) as Equations (21) to (23) are evaluated using the eigencurrents and eigenfields of VIE-G. Good agreement between the analytical and numerical results can be observed. These results also indicate that the eigenvalues of VIE-G satisfy Equation (14), and that similar clustering of the eigenvalues as with VIE-H does not appear.…”

Section: Vie-g Formulationmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…In addition, since operators Re( V ) and Im( V ) are real and symmetric, the eigenvalues and eigenvectors obtained with VIE-H are real, and the eigenvectors satisfy orthogonality properties of Equation (4) with  r = Re( V ) and  x = Im( V ). 5 Utilizing Equations (21) to (23), the eigenvalues of VIE-H can be expressed as follows:…”

Section: (Equation 63)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to relative coarse mesh used in the VIE approach, some differences between numerical and analytical results can be observed. To verify Equation (11), (33) and (14) power expressions (21) to (23) are evaluated using the eigencurrents and eigenfields of VIE-H. Clearly, the eigenvalues of VIE-H satisfy Equation (11).…”

Section: (Equation 63)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After postprocessing, the eigenvalues were shown to agree with the ones of the VIO formulation giving real eigenvalues. Recently, several alternative CM formulations have been proposed for homogeneous dielectric bodies as well as for combined PEC and lossless dielectric structures . However, only Miers and Lau and Ylä‐Oijala et al consider lossy cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, several alternative CM formulations have been proposed for homogeneous dielectric bodies [17][18][19][20][21] as well as for combined PEC and lossless dielectric structures. [22][23][24][25] However, only Miers and Lau 16 and Ylä-Oijala et al 21 consider lossy cases. As pointed out in Guo et al, 22 a major challenge related to the CM formulation for lossy structures is the separation of dissipated power from radiated and reactive power.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Theory of characteristic modes for lossy structures: Formulation and interpretation of eigenvalues

Ylä‐Oijala

Wallén

Järvenpää

2019

Int J Numerical Modelling

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Volume integral equation (VIE) and surface integral equation (SIE) based characteristic mode (CM) formulations are investigated in the case of lossy objects. Imperfectly conducting metallic structures modelled with an impedance boundary condition and lossy dielectric bodies are considered. Two types of CM formulations are studied. In the first one, the generalized eigenvalue equation is expressed in terms of the Hermitian parts of the integral operators. In the second one, the weighting operator of the eigenvalue equation is defined so that the eigenvectors form a weighted orthogonal set, weighted with respect to radiated power. The first approach gives real eigensolutions and is found to lead to clustering of the eigenvalues as losses are increased. From these solutions it is difficult to separate contributions of radiated, reactive, and dissipated power. This separation appears naturally in the second approach that gives complex eigensolutions. As applications including lossy materials, CM analyses of a graphene sheet and a plasmonic nanoparticle are presented.

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Section: Vie-g Formulationmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: (Equation 63)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (Equation 63)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theory of characteristic modes for lossy structures: Formulation and interpretation of eigenvalues

Ylä‐Oijala

Wallén

Järvenpää

2019

Int J Numerical Modelling

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Appendix A: Modes in Rectangular DRA

2023

Dielectric Resonator Antennas

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Fast analysis of scattering from metallic‐dielectric composite large antenna arrays using characteristic modes

Zhou

Chen

Yang

2021

Int J Numerical Modelling

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In this article, characteristic modes for metallic‐dielectric composite structures (MDCS) are explored for fast and accurate analysis of scattering from large antenna arrays. Specifically, a generalized eigenvalue equation is formulated from a method of moments (MoM) impedance matrix of the electric field integral equation and Poggio, Miller, Chang, Harrington, Wu, and Tsai formulation. Modal currents for an antenna element with MDCS are then used as entire domain basis functions in the MoM for expanding equivalent currents over a large antenna array with MDCS. Only a small number of the modal currents are required to approximate the induced current over the antenna array with sufficient accuracy. Thus, the number of the unknowns and the corresponding CPU time in the MoM are significantly reduced in the proposed method. Furthermore, as the periodicity and intrinsic relationship of the matrix elements are considered when using the modal currents as entire domain basis functions, the computational efficiency of the proposed method is further improved. Numerical results of typical antenna arrays with MDCS are presented to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.

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Generalized Characteristic-Mode Formulation for Composite Structures With Arbitrarily Metallic–Dielectric Combinations

Cited by 39 publications

References 30 publications

Theory of characteristic modes for lossy structures: Formulation and interpretation of eigenvalues

Theory of characteristic modes for lossy structures: Formulation and interpretation of eigenvalues

Appendix A: Modes in Rectangular DRA

Fast analysis of scattering from metallic‐dielectric composite large antenna arrays using characteristic modes

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