A. A cohomology theory, associated to a -Lie algebra and a representation space of it, is introduced. It is observed that this cohomology theory is qualified to encode the generalized derivation extensions, and that it coincides, for = 3, with the known cohomology of -Lie algebras. The abelian extensions and infinitesimal deformations of -Lie algebras, on the other hand, are shown to be characterized by the usual cohomology of -Lie algebras. Furthermore, the Hochschild-Serre spectral sequence of the Lie algebra cohomology is upgraded to the level of -Lie algebras, and is applied to the cohomology of generalized derivation extensions.