Generation and retrieval of general, specific and autobiographic images representing concrete nouns

Cornoldi, Cesare; Béni, Rossana De; Baldi, A. Pra

doi:10.1016/0001-6918(89)90049-8

Cited by 30 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, this situation may be limited to tasks in which the generation of a prototypical image formed on the basis of a name is enough for the task to be successfully performed. When, as here, the imagery task requires that a specific visually accurate image is formed on the basis of a previously seen stimulus, the use of the verbal code is detrimental (see also Cornoldi, De Beni, & Pra Baldi, 1989, on the distinction between general and specific images).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Verbal recoding of visual stimuli impairs mentalimagetransformations

1992

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Two experiments were carried out to test the hypothesis that verbal recoding of visual stimuli in short-term memory influences long-term memory encoding and impairs subsequent mental image operations. Easy and difficult-to-name stimuli were used. When rotated 90°counterclock-wise, each stimulus revealed a new pattern consisting of two capital letters joined together. In both experiments, subjects first learned a short series of stimuli and were then asked to rotate mental images of the stimuli in order to detect the hidden letters. In Experiment 1, articulatory suppression was used to prevent subjects from subvocal rehearsal when learning the stimuli, whereas in Experiment 2, verbal labels were presented with each stimulus during learning to encourage a reliance on the verbal code. As predicted, performance in the imagery task was significantly improved by suppression when the stimuli were easy to name (Experiment 1) but was severely disrupted by labeling when the stimuli were difficult to name

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Verbal recoding of visual stimuli impairs mentalimagetransformations

1992

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“…Moreover, a map learning test was administered: the patient was asked to learn a simple map and then to locate the verbal labels of a set of landmarks in the correct position [12]. The ability to generate mental images was tested asking the patient to mentally evoke an image of some concrete objects and to verbally describe them [11]. Concrete object recognition was investigated using a computerised version of the Snodgrass and Vanderwart test [35].…”

Section: Neuropsychological Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visuo-Spatial Imagery Impairment in Posterior Cortical Atrophy: A Cognitive and SPECT Study

Gardini

Concari

Pagliara³

et al. 2011

Behavioural Neurology

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Abstract. This study investigated the cognitive profile and the cerebral perfusion pattern in a highly educated 70 year old gentleman with posterior cortical atrophy (PCA). Visuo-perceptual abilities, spatial memory, spatial representation and navigation, visuospatial mental imagery, semantic and episodic-autobiographical memory were assessed. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was imaged with SPECT. Cognitive testing showed visual-perceptual impairment, apperceptive visual and landmark agnosia, topographical disorientation with way-finding deficits, impaired map learning and poor mental image generation. Semantic memory was normal, while episodic-autobiographical memory was impaired. Reduced rCBF was found mainly in the right hemisphere, in the precentral gyrus, posterior cingulate and middle temporal gyri, cuneus and precuneus, in the left superior temporal and lingual gyri and in the parahippocampus bilaterally. Hypoperfusion in occipito-parietal regions was associated with visuo-spatial deficits, whereas deficits in visuo-spatial mental imagery might reflect dysfunction related to hypoperfusion in the parahippocampus and precuneus, structures which are responsible for spatial and imagery processing. Dissociating performance between preserved semantic memory and poor episodic-autobiographical recall is consistent with a pattern of normal perfusion in frontal and anterior temporal regions but abnormal rCBF in the parahippocampi. The present findings indicate that PCA involves visuo-spatial imagery deficits and provide further validation to current neuro-cognitive models of spatial representation and topographical disorientation.

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“…Substantial research has shown that spatial and object imagery are dissociable on both behavioral and neuroanatomical levels (Rubin, 1995;Mishkin et al, 1993) and the role of both types of imagery in autobiographical memory can be further divided (Cornoldi et al, 1989). On a behavioral level, spatial imagery plays roles in many mnemonic strategies; the method of loci, for example, involves the placement of images of to-be-remembered items in a familiar mental landscape.…”

Section: Behavioral and Neuroanatomical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A search of the literature yielded 16 cases of auditory agnosia that met these criteria. Of these, 4 were nonverbal auditory agnosics (Albert et al, 1972;De La Sayette et al, 1994;Habib et al, 1995;Taniwaki et al, 2000), 8 were verbal auditory agnosics (Buchman et al, 1986, cases 1 and 2;Coslett et al, 1984;Klein and Harper, 1956;Mendez and Rosenberg, 1991;Otsuki et al, 1998;E. Wang et al, 2000;Papathanasiou, 1998), and 4 were complete auditory agnosics (Garde and Cowey, 2000;Kaga et al, 2000;Michel et al, 1980;Rosati et al, 1982).…”

Section: Neuropsychological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neuropsychology of Autobiographical Memory

Greenberg

Rubin

2003

Cortex

254

151

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This special issue of Cortex focuses on the relative contribution of different neural networks to memory and the interaction of 'core' memory processes with other cognitive processes. In this article, we examine both. Specifically, we identify cognitive processes other than encoding and retrieval that are thought to be involved in memory; we then examine the consequences of damage to brain regions that support these processes. This approach forces a consideration of the roles of brain regions outside of the frontal, medialtemporal, and diencephalic regions that form a central part of neurobiological theories of memory. Certain kinds of damage to visual cortex or lateral temporal cortex produced impairments of visual imagery or semantic memory; these patterns of impairment are associated with a unique pattern of amnesia that was distinctly different from the pattern associated with medial-temporal trauma. On the other hand, damage to language regions, auditory cortex, or parietal cortex produced impairments of language, auditory imagery, or spatial imagery; however, these impairments were not associated with amnesia. Therefore, a full model of autobiographical memory must consider cognitive processes that are not generally considered 'core processes,' as well as the brain regions upon which these processes depend.

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Generation and retrieval of general, specific and autobiographic images representing concrete nouns

Cited by 30 publications

References 14 publications

Verbal recoding of visual stimuli impairs mentalimagetransformations

Verbal recoding of visual stimuli impairs mentalimagetransformations

Visuo-Spatial Imagery Impairment in Posterior Cortical Atrophy: A Cognitive and SPECT Study

The Neuropsychology of Autobiographical Memory

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