Generation of Computational 3D Models of Human Bones Based on STL Data and CAD Software Packages

Leordean, Dan; Vilău, Cristian; Dudescu, Cristian

doi:10.3390/app11177964

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…STL files describe the surface geometry of a three-dimensional object, such as a pore, with a triangular surface mesh and can be directly introduced into the FEM meshing procedure (Zhang et al, 1999;Bechet et al, 2002). The application of a CT data based finite element analysis has become popular in biomechanics, especially in the simulation of bones by taking into account the microstructure of bones (Leordean et al, 2021).…”

Section: Stress Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The voxel data of a CT measurement can be processed to obtain a boundary representation via a surface triangulation by using the surface tessellation language (STL) (Zhang et al, 1999;Bechet et al, 2002;Leordean et al, 2021). Both voxel data and STL data can be used as input data for simulation purposes.…”

Section: Repair Of Stl Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, 2002). The application of a CT data based finite element analysis has become popular in biomechanics, especially in the simulation of bones by taking into account the microstructure of bones (Leordean et al. , 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stress analysis of aluminium die-cast parts including the STL-data of pores

Gabbert,

Ringwelski,

Würkner

et al. 2023

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PurposePores and shrink holes are unavoidable defects in the die-casting mass production process which may significantly influence the strength, fatigue and fracture behaviour as well as the life span of structures, especially if they are subjected to high static and dynamic loads. Such defects should be considered during the design process or after production, where the defects could be detected with the help of computed tomography (CT) measurements. However, this is usually not done in today's mass production environments. This paper deals with the stress analysis of die-cast structural parts with pores found from CT measurements or that are artificially placed within a structure.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper the authors illustrate two general methodologies to take into account the porosity of die-cast components in the stress analysis. The detailed geometry of a die-cast part including all discontinuities such as pores and shrink holes can be included via STL data provided by CT measurements. The first approach is a combination of the finite element method (FEM) and the finite cell method (FCM), which extends the FEM if the real geometry cuts finite elements. The FCM is only applied in regions with pores. This procedure has the advantage that all simulations with different pore distributions, real or artificial, can be calculated without changing the base finite element mesh. The second approach includes the pore information as STL data into the original CAD model and creates a new adapted finite element mesh for the simulation. Both methods are compared and evaluated for an industrial problem.FindingsThe STL data of defects which the authors received from CT measurements could not be directly applied without repairing them. Therefore, for FEM applications an appropriate repair procedure is proposed. The first approach, which combines the FEM with the FCM, the authors have realized within the commercial software tool Abaqus. This combination performs well, which is demonstrated for test examples, and is also applied for a complex industrial project. The developed in-house code still has some limitations which restrict broader application in industry. The second pure FEM-based approach works well without limitations but requires increasing computational effort if many different pore distributions are to be investigated.Originality/valueA new simulation approach which combines the FEM with the FCM has been developed and implemented into the commercial Abaqus FEM software. This approach the authors have applied to simulate a real engineering die-cast structure with pores. This approach could become a preferred way to consider pores in practical applications, where the porosity can be derived either from CT measurements or are artificially adopted for design purposes. The authors have also shown how pores can be considered in the standard FEM analysis as well.

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Section: Stress Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Repair Of Stl Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stress analysis of aluminium die-cast parts including the STL-data of pores

Gabbert,

Ringwelski,

Würkner

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In order to prepare the FEA, it is necessary to transform the mesh surface into a solid object using the CATIA v5 program (Computer Aided Three-dimensional Interactive Applications, France). The working methodology is inspired by the theoretical and applied research presented by Leordean et al [25], and the whole process, which contains several important steps, is presented in detail in a YouTube video available at the following link: (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H6_XfjD3yqs), accessed on 31 August 2023 [26].…”

Section: Finite Element Analysis On a Tooth-supported Surgical Guide ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Finite Element Analysis of a Tooth-Supported 3D-Printed Surgical Guide without Metallic Sleeves for Dental Implant Insertion

Ghionea,

Vatamanu,

Cristescu

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Static guided surgery for dental implant insertion is a well-documented procedure requiring the manufacturing of a custom-made surgical guide, either teeth-supported, mucosal-supported, bone-supported, or mixed (teeth-mucosal-supported), depending on the clinical situation. The guidance of the surgical drills during implant bed preparation could be undertaken using a sequence of different diameters of metal drill sleeves or, with the sleeves incorporated in the surgical guide, shank-modified drills, both clinically accepted and used with good results. Despite the great number of advantages associated with the use of guided surgery, one of the major risks is guide fracture during drilling for implant bed preparation. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the surgical guides without metal sleeves and to simulate, with the aid of Finite Element Analysis (FEA), the use of such dentally supported guides for implant insertion. The FEA is performed in CATIA v5 software after defining the surgical guide mesh material and bone properties. A maximum stress of 6.92 MPa appeared on the guide at the special built-in window meant to allow cooling during drilling, and the maximum value of the guide displacement during drilling simulation was 0.002 mm. Taking into consideration the limits of the current research, the designed tooth-supported surgical guide can withstand the forces occurring during the surgery, even in denser bone, without the risk of fracture.

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“…As a forward modeling technique, we focus on the finite element method (FEM) [ 6 ] which, in medical sciences, is advantageous for modeling the human head along with its electromagnetic fields since it allows both surface- and volume-based mesh fitting. However, the internal tissue layers of the human head, which can be described by a set of surface grids similarly as computer-assisted design (CAD) [ 7 ], poses a challenging task for volumetric FE mesh generation due to their complex geometrical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-compartment head modeling in EEG: Unstructured boundary-fitted tetra meshing with subcortical structures

Galaz Prieto,

Lahtinen,

Samavaki

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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This paper introduces an automated approach for generating a finite element (FE) discretization of a multi-compartment human head model for electroencephalographic (EEG) source localization. We aim to provide an adaptable FE mesh generation tool for EEG studies. Our technique relies on recursive solid angle labeling of a surface segmentation coupled with smoothing, refinement, inflation, and optimization procedures to enhance the mesh quality. In this study, we performed numerical meshing experiments with the three-layer Ary sphere and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based multi-compartment head segmentation which incorporates a comprehensive set of subcortical brain structures. These experiments are motivated, on one hand, by the sensitivity of non-invasive subcortical source localization to modeling errors and, on the other hand, by the present lack of open EEG software pipelines to discretize all these structures. Our approach was found to successfully produce an unstructured and boundary-fitted tetrahedral mesh with a sub-one-millimeter fitting error, providing the desired accuracy for the three-dimensional anatomical details, EEG lead field matrix, and source localization. The mesh generator applied in this study has been implemented in the open MATLAB-based Zeffiro Interface toolbox for forward and inverse processing in EEG and it allows for graphics processing unit acceleration.

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Generation of Computational 3D Models of Human Bones Based on STL Data and CAD Software Packages

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Stress analysis of aluminium die-cast parts including the STL-data of pores

Stress analysis of aluminium die-cast parts including the STL-data of pores

A Finite Element Analysis of a Tooth-Supported 3D-Printed Surgical Guide without Metallic Sleeves for Dental Implant Insertion

Multi-compartment head modeling in EEG: Unstructured boundary-fitted tetra meshing with subcortical structures

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