Generation of Hawaiian post-erosional lavas by melting of a mixed lherzolite/pyroxenite source

Lassiter, John; Hauri, E. H.; Reiners, Peter W.; Garcia, Michael O.

doi:10.1016/s0012-821x(00)00084-4

Cited by 142 publications

(156 citation statements)

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“…2003;. This supports the suggestion that the melting of less abundant mantle lithologies such as eclogite and pyroxenite may play an important role in generating OIB (Hauri, 1996;Lassiter et al, 2000;Hirschmann. 2001: Hauri, 2002;Ilirschiann et al, 2003.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Basalt petrogenesis beneath slow- and ultraslow-spreading Arctic mid-ocean ridges

Elkins¹

2009

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To explore the ability of melting mafic lithologies to produce alkaline ocean-island basalts (OIB), an experimental study was carried out measuring clinopyroxene (Cpx)-melt and garnet (Gt)-melt partition coefficients during silica-poor garnet pyroxenite melting for a suite of trace elements, including U and Th, at 2.5GPa and 1420-1450'C.Partition coefficients range from 0.0083+0.0006 to 0.020+0.002 for Th and 0.0094+0.0006 to 0.024+0.002 for U in Cpx, and are 0.0032+0.0004 for Th and 0.013+0.002 for U in Gt. Forward-melting calculations using these experimental results to model time-dependent uranium-series isotopes do not support the presence of a fixed quantity of garnet pyroxenite in the source of OIB.To use U-series isotopes to further constrain mantle heterogeneity and the timing and nature of melting and melt transport processes, U-Th-Pa-Ra disequilibria, radiogenic isotopes, and trace-element compositions were measured for the slow-spreading Arctic mid-ocean ridges (MOR). A focused case study of 33 young (<10ka) MOR basalts (MORB) from the shallow endmember of the global ridge system, the Kolbeinsey Ridge ACKNOWLEDGMENTSMy deepest thanks, first and foremost, must go to Ken Sims, who taught me so much of what I know about mid-ocean ridge basalts, uranium-series chemistry, sample preparation, and thinking like a scientist. Ken was the most attentive and caring advisor, checking on me regularly to keep me on task and check in, but letting me take time to myself (and telling me to take vacations) when I needed it. Ken sent me all over the world to learn techniques in the best places from some of the best scientists, he challenged me to think things through, and he made sure I always had the resources I needed to excel. I could never have hoped for a more thoughtful, caring mentor.Glenn Gaetani taught me, step by patient step, how to construct and run my own pistoncylinder experiments. Glenn always had words of encouragement to keep me going despite all the difficult failures experimental work can sometimes entail. I got to see firsthand how methods are tested and developed in an experimental lab, and take part in that process. It was an invaluable learning experience, and it has left me with admiring respect for those lifelong experimentalists who love unwrapping their presents after an experiment is done, and who don't mind taking the occasional shower in coolant or finding anti-seize on the back of their elbow in bed at night.I also want to thank the rest of my committee. Fred Frey, my advisor at MIT, was there to teach me and help me think critically about my research throughout my time in the Joint Program. Jian Lin, from Geodynamics project advisor to exam committee chair to a thesis committee member, provided guidance and always reminded me to think beyond chemistry to the big picture questions involved. Peter Kelemen was always excited to talk about Kolbeinsey data and to share his innovative ideas, and he challenged me in committee meetings to think about everything in more depth. Susan Humph...

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Basalt petrogenesis beneath slow- and ultraslow-spreading Arctic mid-ocean ridges

Elkins¹

2009

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“…There is a significant body of published information on petrography, mineral chemistry, trace element and isotope geochemistry of the SLC pyroxenite xenoliths (Frey, 1980;Sen, 1988;Keshav and Sen, 2001;Bizimis et al, 2005;Sen et al, 2005Keshav et al, 2007 Sr ratios led Lassiter et al (2000) to propose that they represent 80-100 Myr old cumulates formed at a mid oceanic ridge setting. In contrast Bizimis et al (2005), showed that both two-mineral pyroxene -garnet Sm/Nd and Lu/Hf isochrons and reconstructed bulk -rock Hf-Nd isotope compositions of the SLC pyroxenites (albeit on a different set of samples than the Lassiter et al, 2000 study) are consistent with essentially "zero" age, i.e., the garnet pyroxenites formed beneath…”

Section: Background Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…grey area, sulfide inclusion in peridotitic ("P" type) diamonds (Alard et al, 2000); elliptical field with solid boundary, pyroxenitic sulfides (Luguet et al, 2008); elliptical field with dashed boundary, sulfide inclusion in eclogitic ('E" type) diamonds (Pearson et al, 1998). (Lassiter et al, 2000), pristine MidOcean-Ridge-glasses from Pacific ocean (Schiano et al, 1997), and picritic lavas from Koolau (Bennett et al, 2000;Ireland et al, 2009). A silicate melt in equilibrium with the pyroxenitic sulfides will be more akin to HV lavas, arguing for a genetic relationship between the two.…”

Section: Sulfide Pge Concentrations and Silicate Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A silicate melt in equilibrium with the pyroxenitic sulfides will be more akin to HV lavas, arguing for a genetic relationship between the two. Lassiter et al, (2000) and assumed chondritic Os/Ir ratios. From this melt I sequentially (0.05%, 0.06%, 0.16%, 0.26%.…”

Section: Sulfide Pge Concentrations and Silicate Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a large amount of chemical analyses on the lavas and xenoliths from the Hawaiian Island Chain ( Lassiter and Hauri, 1998;Norman and Garcia, 1999;Lassiter et al, 2000;Huang and Frey, 2003;Humayun et al, 2004;Bizimis et al, 2005;Bryce et al, 2005;Sobolev et al, 2005;Nielsen et al, 2006;Keshav et al, 2007;Jamais et al, 2008;Marske et al, 2008;Ireland et al, 2009) ( Pattou et al, 1996;Roy-Barman et al, 1998a;Alard et al, 2000;Lorand and Alard, 2001;Luguet et al, 2001;Hart and Gaetani, 2006) and may have important implications on the interpretation of the Pt/Os and Re/Os isotope systematics of the mantle and whether the earth's core is exchanging material with the Earth's mantle ( Walker et al, 1997;Richardson et al, 2001;Alard et al, 2002;Griffin et al, 2002;Brenan et al, 2008;Luguet et al, 2008). To date far more attention has been paid to sulfides from peridotites ( Szabo and Bodnar, 1995;Guo et al, 1999;Alard et al, 2000;Luguet et al, 2001;Harvey et al, 2006;Liu et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2009) whereas studies of pyroxenitic sulfide minerals are sparse (De Waal and Calk, 1975;Lorand, 1989;Guo et al, 1999;Luguet et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of Mantle Dynamics from Platinum Group Elements and Rhenium-Osmium Isotope Systematics of Mantle Xenoliths from Oahu

Sen¹

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Effect of variable CO₂on eclogite-derived andesite and lherzolite reaction at 3 GPa-Implications for mantle source characteristics of alkalic ocean island basalts

Mallik

Dasgupta

2014

Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.

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We have performed reaction experiments between 1, 4, and 5 wt % CO 2 -bearing MORBeclogite (recycled oceanic crust)-derived low-degree andesitic partial melt and fertile peridotite at 1375 C, 3GPa for infiltrating melt fractions of 25% and 33% by weight. We observe that the reacted melts are alkalic with degree of alkalinity or Si undersaturation increasing with increasing CO 2 content in reacting melt. Consequently, an andesite evolves through basanite to nephelinite owing to greater drawdown of SiO 2 from melt and enhanced precipitation of orthopyroxene in residue. We have developed an empirical model to predict reacted melt composition as a function of reacting andesite fraction and source CO 2 concentration. Using our model, we have quantified the mutual proportions of equilibrated melt from andesite-peridotite (1 CO 2 ) hybridization and subsequent peridotite (6 CO 2 )-derived melt required to produce the major element composition of various ocean island basalts. Our model can thus be applied to characterize the source of ocean islands from primary alkalic lava composition. Accordingly, we determined that average HIMU source requires 24 wt % of MORB-eclogite-derived melt relative to peridotite containing 2 wt % CO 2 and subsequent contribution of 45% of volatile-free peridotite partial melt. We demonstrate that mantle hybridization by eclogite melt-peridotite (6 CO 2 ) reaction in the system can produce high MgO (>15 wt %) basaltic melts at mantle potential temperature (T P ) of 1350 C. Therefore, currently used thermometers to estimate T P using MgO content of primary alkalic melts need to be revised, with corrections for melt-rock reaction in a heterogeneous mantle as well as presence of CO 2 .

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Generation of Hawaiian post-erosional lavas by melting of a mixed lherzolite/pyroxenite source

Cited by 142 publications

References 66 publications

Basalt petrogenesis beneath slow- and ultraslow-spreading Arctic mid-ocean ridges

Basalt petrogenesis beneath slow- and ultraslow-spreading Arctic mid-ocean ridges

Investigation of Mantle Dynamics from Platinum Group Elements and Rhenium-Osmium Isotope Systematics of Mantle Xenoliths from Oahu

Effect of variable CO₂on eclogite-derived andesite and lherzolite reaction at 3 GPa-Implications for mantle source characteristics of alkalic ocean island basalts

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Generation of Hawaiian post-erosional lavas by melting of a mixed lherzolite/pyroxenite source

Cited by 142 publications

References 66 publications

Basalt petrogenesis beneath slow- and ultraslow-spreading Arctic mid-ocean ridges

Basalt petrogenesis beneath slow- and ultraslow-spreading Arctic mid-ocean ridges

Investigation of Mantle Dynamics from Platinum Group Elements and Rhenium-Osmium Isotope Systematics of Mantle Xenoliths from Oahu

Effect of variable CO2on eclogite-derived andesite and lherzolite reaction at 3 GPa-Implications for mantle source characteristics of alkalic ocean island basalts

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Effect of variable CO₂on eclogite-derived andesite and lherzolite reaction at 3 GPa-Implications for mantle source characteristics of alkalic ocean island basalts