Genetic Analysis by nuSSR Markers of Silver Birch (Betula pendula Roth) Populations in Their Southern European Distribution Range

Dato, Giovanbattista de; Teani, Angela; Mattioni, Claudia; Aravanopoulos, Filippos; Avramidou, Evangelia V.; Stojnić, Srdjan; Ganopoulos, Ioannis; Belletti, P.; Ducci, Fulvio

doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.00310

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Consequently, the pattern of genetic diversity revealed for populations of Scots pine in the South Caucasus and the Asia Minor vs. populations in the core range is not consistent with the assumptions of the central-marginal hypothesis 79,80 and the rear-edge concept provides a better explanation 81 . Furthermore, there is a growing agreement that the rear-edge and relic tree populations may display high regional genetic diversity, mostly due to their complex history 68,[82][83][84] . However, despite overall high genetic diversity, high inbreeding levels have been detected in some Anatolian populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolutionary heritage and ecological uniqueness of Scots pine in the Caucasus ecoregion is at risk of climate changes

Dering

Baranowska

Beridze

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Scots pine is one of the most widely occurring pines, but future projections suggest a large reduction in its range, mostly at the southern European limits. A significant part of its range is located in the Caucasus, a global hot-spot of diversity. Pine forests are an important reservoir of biodiversity and endemism in this region. We explored demographic and biogeographical processes that shaped the genetic diversity of Scots pine in the Caucasus ecoregion and its probable future distribution under different climate scenarios. We found that the high genetic variability of the Caucasian populations mirrors a complex glacial and postglacial history that had a unique evolutionary trajectory compared to the main range in Europe. Scots pine currently grows under a broad spectrum of climatic conditions in the Caucasus, which implies high adaptive potential in the past. However, the current genetic resources of Scots pine are under high pressure from climate change. From our predictions, over 90% of the current distribution of Scots pine may be lost in this century. By threatening the stability of the forest ecosystems, this would dramatically affect the biodiversity of the Caucasus hot-spot.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolutionary heritage and ecological uniqueness of Scots pine in the Caucasus ecoregion is at risk of climate changes

Dering

Baranowska

Beridze

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Twenty-one SSRs were selected through a preliminary experiment, and this number of markers was suitable for evaluating plant genetic diversity [ 11 , 26 , 27 ]. Twenty-one primer pairs (Table 2 ) that successfully amplified fragments in the 569 individuals were further characterized for polymorphisms using the M13-SSR PCR protocol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and population structure analysis in a large collection of Vicia amoena in China with newly developed SSR markers

Zhang

Gao³

et al. 2021

BMC Plant Biol

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Vicia amoena is a high-nutritional quality forage similar to alfalfa. However, studies on the genetic background of V. amoena are scarce. In the present study, the genetic variation of 24 V. amoena populations was assessed with newly developed simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 8799 SSRs were identified in the V. amoena genomic-enriched sequences, and the most abundant repeat number was four. A total of 569 sampled individuals were assayed to evaluate the genetic diversity of the V. amoena populations based on 21 polymorphic SSR primers. The polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.896 to 0.968, with an average of 0.931, which indicated that the markers were highly informative. Based on analysis of molecular variance, 88% of the variance occurred within populations, and the remaining 12% of the variance occurred among populations. The high degree of gene flow (Nm= 4.958) also showed slight differentiation among the V. amoena populations. The V. amoena populations were mainly clustered by steppe and mountain habitats based on principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and STRUCTURE analysis. This indicated that the elevation and special habitat of geographical origins may be important factors affecting the clustered pattern of V. amoena populations. Neighbour-joining (NJ) analysis did not separate the populations well by geographical origin, which indicated that the genetic structure of V. amoena was complex and needs further study. Overall, our results showed that the newly developed SSR markers could benefit the V. amoena research community by providing genetic background information to help establish a foundation for breeding improvement and germplasm resource conservation.

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“…In contrast, LAZ, which grows in the hottest site out of the climatic envelope of the species, on a lowland sulphuric bog of volcanic origin in Central Italy, germinated poorly even at 20°C and presented the highest base temperatures. The divergent behaviour of this azonal population is mirrored by its genetic distinctiveness (de Dato et al, 2020). The same authors found a high degree of genetic diversity among Mediterranean populations of silver birch, including B. aetnensis.…”

Section: Intraspecific Differences In Germination Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Populations that grow at the outer edges of the species distribution area may face extreme temperature or drought conditions. Consequently, they might display genetic adaptation to these environments (Levin, 1993;Garcia-Ramos and Kirkpatrick, 1997;Sexton et al, 2009;Abeli et al, 2014;de Dato et al, 2020) and may be different, even in the germination requirements, from populations living at the core of the species distribution area. In the present context of environmental and climatic changes, studying these adaptations may be a useful instrument for planning adequate conservation measures (Walck et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study on temperature and water potential thresholds for the germination ofBetula pendulaand two Mediterranean endemic birches,Betula aetnensisandBetula fontqueri

2020

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The influence of temperature and water availability on seed germination can vary across the geographic range of species with a large distribution. Betula pendula is a widely spread European tree that has differentiated into two narrowly distributed taxa, endemic to Mediterranean mountains: Betula aetnensis in Sicily and B. fontqueri in Spain and Morocco. We tested the hypothesis that the regeneration niche, expressed by temperature and water potential thresholds, varies across these species and is influenced by the local climate. Seeds were collected from six populations of B. pendula, one of B. fontqueri and two of B. aetnensis. Germination tests were conducted between 5 and 30°C. The thermal thresholds were calculated before and after cold stratification. The osmotic potential tested ranged from 0 to −1.5 MPa. Time to reach 30 and 50% of germination was calculated by fitting non-linear models. Germination was promoted by high temperatures, but the response to stratification was heterogeneous. Tb and Ψb differed between and within species. Tb ranged between 2.22 and 8.94°C for unstratified seeds. Mediterranean species had higher drought tolerance, while B. pendula showed contrasting responses to low water potential. Ψb reached a minimum value of −1.15 MPa in B. fontqueri. High temperatures influenced the Tb of unstratified seeds negatively, while, after stratification, the Tb increased with precipitation in the driest month. The heterogeneity observed could reflect higher genetic variability in marginal populations of silver birch. Knowledge of their germination ecology may be useful to mitigate future impacts of climate change on core populations of B. pendula.

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Genetic Analysis by nuSSR Markers of Silver Birch (Betula pendula Roth) Populations in Their Southern European Distribution Range

Cited by 16 publications

References 62 publications

The evolutionary heritage and ecological uniqueness of Scots pine in the Caucasus ecoregion is at risk of climate changes

The evolutionary heritage and ecological uniqueness of Scots pine in the Caucasus ecoregion is at risk of climate changes

Genetic diversity and population structure analysis in a large collection of Vicia amoena in China with newly developed SSR markers

A comparative study on temperature and water potential thresholds for the germination ofBetula pendulaand two Mediterranean endemic birches,Betula aetnensisandBetula fontqueri

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